Adding substance to bloodstream

Used for supportive care in sick and injured patients

Fluid Therapy

Fluid therapy is used as a preventative to maintain

blood pressure in patients undergoing anesthesia

Fluids are gained through

oral intake, metabolism in the body

Fluids are lost through

Respiration, Excretion, Sweating, Milk production

Abnormal Fluid Loss is caused from

vomiting/diarrhea, panting, polyuria

Signs of Dehydration (8)

Skin turgor, decreased urine output, elevated body temp, mental status, weak pulse, low blood pressure, slow CRT and poor color

Mild dehydration %

5%

Moderate Dehydration %

10%

Severe Dehydration %

11% or greater

Mild dehydration symptoms

Semidry mucous membranes, minimal loss of skin turgor

Moderate dehydration symptoms (4)

Dry mucous membranes, mild loss of skin turgor, weak and rapid pulse, sunken eyes

sunken eyes

Enophthalmos

Severe dehydration symptoms (7)

definite loss of skin turgor, tachycardia, extremely dry mucous membranes, weak pulse, altered state of consciousness, severe enophthalmos, dry eyes

Types of Fluids (3)

Crystalloids, Colloids, Colloidal and Crystalloid combination

used to replenish deficits, most commonly used, ex: lactated ringer solution

Crystalloids

Crystalloids are used to treat what and when

mild to moderate dehydration, throughout and recovering from anesthesia

expands blood volume in vascular spaces, ex: hetastarch, tetrastarch

Colloids

Colloids are used to do/treat what (6)

thin out blood, severe dehydration, cerebral or pulmonary edema, hypoproteinemia, large patients, emergency surgeries

Colloidal and Crystalloid combination

Prolonged effects

fluid used for prolonged fluid maintenance effects, really sick animals, procedures where we will be losing/taking out a lot of blood

Colloidal and Crystalloid combination

SubQ administration useful for treating (and fluids must be…)

Mild dehydration, Isotonic no dextrose

SubQ can be given by

syringe/needle, IV line/needle, Metal catheter/needle

SubQ absorption takes

6-8 hrs

Administer SubQ fluids at what temp?

body temp of patient or warmer

doesn’t have any sugars in the fluid

Isotonic

Fastest way to rehydrate is through an

IV

IV fluid administration is preferred method to

treat moderate or severe dehydration

IV fluid administration is commonly placed through

catheter in cephalic, jugular, or saphenous veins

What’s used to hold IV fluid

Gravity fed fluid bags/lines, fluid pumps

IV fluid administration absorption is

very rapid

What temp to administer IV fluids

body temp or slightly warmer

What is one big concern when giving IV fluids

Overhydrating