Theology Chapter 5 Study Guide

The four marks of the church

One, Holy, Catholic, & Apostolic

One (A mark of the church)

Unity in faith, worship, & leadership

How the church lives out "one" (A mark of the church)

Through having one faith, one baptism, and one Lord

Holy (A mark of the church)

set apart by God; guided by the Holy Spirit

How the church lives out Holy (A mark of the church)

Through the saints and sacraments

Catholic (A mark of the church)

Universal; open to all people, all places

How the church lives out "Catholic" (A mark of the church)

Teaches the fullness of faith

Apostolic (A mark of the church)

Founded on the Apostles

How the Church lives out "Apostolic" (A mark of the church)

Through Apostolic succession and teaching

Katholikos

Catholic, Greek for "universal"

Heresy

False teaching that corrupts Christian dogma

Schism

Break in unity or refusal to submit to the Pope

Apostasy

Total rejection of the faith

Ecumenism

Efforts to restore Christian unity

Indulgences

Remission of temporal punishment for sin

Theotokos

Greek for "God-Bearer" or "Mother of God" (A title for the Virgin Mary)

Tome of Leo

Document by Pope St. Leo the Great clarifying Christ's two natures

Demiurge

In gnostic belief, an evil lesser god who created the material world

Name the five heresies

Arianism, Apollinarianism, Nestorianism, Monophysitism, Gnosticism

Arianism

Jesus is not truly God

How the church responded to arianism

Council of Nicaea (AD 325)

Apollinarianism

Jesus lacked a human mind and will

How the church responded to apollinarianism

Condemned by the Church

Nestorianism

Jesus is two seperate persons; denies Mary as Mother of God (Theotokos)

How the church responded to Nestorianism

Council of Chalcedon (AD 451)

Gnosticism

Material world is evil; salvation by secret knowledge

How the church responded to Gnosticism

The church affirmed that creation is good

How the church is apostolic

Through foundation, faith, and succession

How the church is apostolic through faith

teaching what the Apostles taught

How the church is Apostolic through foundation

Things are built upon the Apostles

How the church is Apostolic through succession

Continues to be left by successors of the Apostles (Biships)

The church is what because of its divine origin?

Immutable, Indefectible, and Perennial

Immutable

Will not change in essence

Indefectible

Will never perish or go astray

Perennial

will exist until the end of time

What did Pope St. John Paul II publicly say in 2000?

Asked for forgiveness for sins committed by members of the Church throughout history

The way the unity of the Church is revealed

(1) Unity of Faith

(2) Unity of Worship

(3) Unity of leadership

Unity of Worship

Sacraments

Unity of Leadership

Pope & Bishops