AP Human Geography Unit 3

asylum

protection given by a government to someone who has left another country to escape harm

asylum seeker

someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee

brain drain

large-scale emigration by talented people

chain migration

migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there

circular migration

the temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment

circulation

short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis

counterurbanization

net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries

desertification

degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions such as excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting. Also known as "semiarid land degradation"

emigration

migration from a location

floodplain

an area subject to flooding during a given number of years, according to historical trends

forced migration

permanent movement, usually compelled by cultural factors

guest worker

a term used for a worker who migrated to the developed countries of Northern and Western Europe, usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or North Africa, in search of a higher-paying job

host country

a country that welcomes representatives from another country

immigrant

a person who comes to a country to live there

immigration

migration to a location

induce

to cause someone or something to do something

internal migration

permanent movement within a particular country

internally displaced person (IDP)

someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not migrated across an international border

international migration

permanent movement from one country to another

interregional migration

permanent movement from one region of a country to another

intervening obstacle

an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration

intraregional migration

permanent movement within one region of a country

migration

a permanent move to a new location

migration transition

a change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes that also produces the demographic transition

mobility

all types of movements between locations

net migration

the difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration

pull factor

a factor that induces people to move to a new location

quota

in reference to migration, a law that places a maximum limit on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year

refugee

someone who is forced to migrate from his/her home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of his/her race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion

remittance

transfer of money by workers to people in the country from which they emigrated

rural

of or relating to the country and the people who live there instead of the city

transnational community

a network of people that transcends national boundaries—for example, emigrants who have left their country of origin but still maintain ties with that country

unauthorized immigrant

a person who enters a country without proper documents to do so

urban

of or relating to cities and the people who live in them

voluntary migration

permanent movement undertaken by choice