chapter 5 cytogenetics

The normal human karyotype has a total of ______ chromosomes.

 

22

 

46

 

44

 

23

46

The field of genetics that studies the relationship between chromosome variations and specific traits is called _________.

 

behavioral genetics

 

Mendelian genetics

 

cytogenetics

 

quantitative genetics

cytogenetics

Linda and Ben request prenatal genetic testing to determine if their unborn child has Down syndrome.  Cells are collected from the fetus and the chromosomes are examined in a ______ analysis.

 

karyotype

 

Mendelian

 

multifactorial

 

pedigree

karyotype

The condition that exists when an organism gains or loses one or more chromosomes but not a complete haploid set is known as ________.

 

polyploidy

 

aneuploidy

 

trisomy

 

euploidy

aneuploidy

Assume that an organism has a diploid chromosome number of 14. There would be 21 chromosomes in a triploid.

true

false

true

Polyploidy is characterized by ____. 

 

a condition in which one member of a chromosomal pair is missing

 

a chromosomal number that is a multiple of the normal haploid chromosomal set

 

a chromosomal number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid set

 

a condition in which one chromosome is present in three copies

a chromosomal number that is a multiple of the normal haploid chromosomal set

In a(n) ____ translocation, two nonhomologous chromosomes exchange parts and no genetic information is gained or lost from the cell in the exchange.​

 

reciprocal

 

direct

 

indirect

 

XYY

reciprocal

Given that a human normally contains 46 chromosomes, give the chromosome number for an XYY male.

 

46

 

47

 

69

 

45

47

Given that a human normally contains 46 chromosomes, give the chromosome number for a person with trisomy 13.

 

45

 

69

 

47

 

46

47

An individual with two normal sets of autosomes and a single X chromosome has ______.

 

Turner's Syndrome

 

Down Syndrome

 

Patau Syndrome

 

Klinefelter's Syndrome

Turner's Syndrome

The tips of chromosomes contain repeated sequences that shorten with each mitotic division.  These regions are called _______.

 

centromeres

 

p arms

 

q arms

 

telomeres

telomeres

A human female has ______ pairs of autosomes and ______ sex chromosomes.

 

23; X

 

23; XX

 

22; XX

 

22; XY

22; XX

_______ is a common cause of aneuploidy resulting in a gamete with one extra chromosome and another gamete with one missing chromosome.

 

Chromosome pairing

 

Replication

 

Segregation

 

Nondisjunction

Nondisjunction

A(n) ________ chromosome has a centromere that divides the chromosome into two arms of unequal size.

 

acrocentric

 

submetacentric

 

metacentric

 

none of these

submetacentric

What type of aneuploidy is responsible for Turner syndrome in humans?

 

trisomy 18

 

trisomy 21

 

monosomy YO

 

monosomy XO

 

monosomy XO