diary science

California

State with the highest milk production

Major Milk Components

Fat, protein, lactose, minerals (ash), water, vitamins

Liquid Nitrogen Temperature

Approximately -196 degrees Celsius or -320 degrees Fahrenheit

Involution

Return of the uterus to normal function after calving

Fore Stripping

Recommended in teat prep procedures to check for abnormalities/mastitis and stimulate milk let-down

Rumen Gases

Methane and carbon dioxide

Inverted Milk Fat and Protein

Signs of homogenization

Indigestible Component of Forages

Fiber

Factors Influencing Colostrum Quality

Nutrition of the dam, management practices, health status of the dam, time of colostrum collection

Principal Organic Acid in Yogurt Manufacturing

Lactic acid

Non-structural Carbohydrates

Sugars and starches

Reasons for Culling a Dairy Cow

Low milk production, reproductive problems, health issues

Leading Causes of Death in Young Calves

Diarrhea and respiratory diseases

Normal Calving Timeframe

Generally within 12 hours after labor begins

Triglycerides Precursor

Fatty acids and glycerol

Structural Unit of Proteins

Amino acids

Critical Factors in Colostrum Management (Five Q)

Quality, quantity, quickness, cleanliness, quietness

Milk Amount for Cheese

About 10 pounds of milk for one pound of cheese

Best Use of Sexed Semen

Heifers

Silage Storage Facilities

Silos, silage bags, silage pits/bunks

Undesirable Organic Acid in Silage

Butyric acid

Hormone Initiating Parturition

Prostaglandin

Immunoglobulins in Colostrum

IgG and IgM

Uses of Ultrasound in Reproductive Management

Pregnancy diagnosis, monitoring follicular development

US-Originated Cheeses

Monterey Jack and Colby

Maximum Feed Intake Time

Around 9 weeks after calving

Hormone for Pregnancy Status in Milk

Progesterone

Heat Detection Aids

Tail paint, activity monitors

Cow Cooling Methods

Fans, misters/sprinklers

Major VFAs in Rumen

Acetate, propionate, butyrate