Studied by 0 peoplechlorophyll
the primary light-absorbing pigment molecule in many photosynthetic organisms
stoma
the pores in the cuticle of a plant through which gas exchange occurs
Calvin Cycle(light independent reactions)
second part of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is used to make sugars
cellular respiration
the process that makes ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present
Epidermis
the outermost layer of cells that prevents dehydration and produces the cuticle in terrestrial plants
Chloroplast
the organelle where solar energy is converted into chemical energy
Cuticle
a waxy layer on plants that holds in moisture
mesophyll cells
the parts of the photosynthetic tissue in the middle section of a leaf where photosynthesis occurs
Granum
stack of thylakoids inside the chloroplast
guard cells
the parts of a plant that control the opening and closing of the stoma in a leaf
light-dependent reactions
the part of photosynthesis where light energy is absorbed by pigment molecules in the thylakoid membrane
ADP
low-energy molecule that can be converted to a high energy molecule through the reactions of cellular respiration
photon
a particle of light that moves in a wave and contains a particular amount of energy
Pigment
a molecule that can absorb particular wavelengths of light
Photosynthesis
the chemical process where carbon dioxide and water are converted to sugar molecules and oxygen using light energy
Photo system
a group of light absorbing pigments and proteins in the thylakoid membrane that capture and transfer energy
light-independent reactions(Calvin cycle)
the second part of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is used to make sugars
thylakoid
a membrane-bound structure inside of a chloroplast that contains pigment molecules
Stroma
the fluid-filled compartment outside the thylakoids
ATP
a high-energy molecule that is the energy currency of the cell
chemical reactants
process by which substances change into different substances through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds
Reactants
the substances changed during a chemical reaction
bond energy
the amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms
equilibrium
condition in which reactants and products of a chemical reaction are formed at the same rate
activation energy
the amount of energy that needs to be absorbed for a chemical reactants to start
exothermic
chemical reaction releases more energy than it absorbs
endothermic
chemical reactants absorbs more energy than it releases
catalyst
a substance that decreases that activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction and as a result also increases the rate of the chemical reaction
enzymes
protein that catalyzes chemical reaction for organisms
substrates
the specific reactants that an enzyme acts on
products
the substances made by a chemical reaction
cellular respiration
the process that releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present
aerobic
a process in which oxygen is needed in order for it to take place
glycolysis
splits glucose into two three-carbon molecules and makes two molecules of ATP
anaerobic
a process in which oxygen is not needed in order to take place
Krebs cycle
produces molecules that carry energy to the second part of cellular respiration
fermentation
an anaerobic process that allows glycolysis to continue
lactic acid
the process which causes your muscles to burn durning hard exercise
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