Anakines quiz crammed version

The elbow consists of three individual joints which are?

Humeroulnar, Humeroradial, and Proximal radioulnar articulation

What type of joint is the elbow joint?

Ginglymus or hinge-type joint

It is the proximal articulating bone of the elbow joint.

Humerus

These are the most distinctable palpable bony landmarks; prominences immediately proximal to the distal condyles of the humerus; most easily identifiable landmarks in this region.

Epicondyles

When the shoulder is laterally rotated, this epicondyle lies closest to the trunk

Medial epicondyle

It is a less prominent epicondyle; lies on the lateral side of the humerus, farthest from the trunk.

Lateral epicondyle

It is superior to the lateral epicondyle; a landmark that is palpable between the lateral head of the triceps posteriorly and the brachioradialis muscle anteriorly.

Lateral supracondylar ridge

This bone is the more integral articulating bony partner with the humerus at the elbow,forming the humeroulnar joint.

Ulna

Where is ulna located?

Medial forearm in the anatomical position

This bone plays a very prominent part role at the elbow but provides minimal function at the wrist.

Ulna

Annular Ligament is located at?

Humeroulnar and Humeroradial joint

What is the function of MCL?

Valgus Force

What are the fibers of MCL?

Anterior, Transverse, and Posterior Fiber

What is the primary and thickest MCL fiber?

Anterior Fiber

What is the function of the LCL?

Varus Force

What are the fibers of LCL?

Lateral Radial Fiber and Lateral Ulnar Fiber

What are the borders of the cubital fossa?

Medial, Superior, and Lateral border

The medial border of cubital fossa consists of?

Pronator teres

The superior border of cubital fossa consists of?

Transverse line between the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus.

The lateral border of cubital fossa consists of?

Brachioradialis

What are the contents of the cubital fossa?

Radial Nerve

Tendon of Biceps Brachii

Radial Artery

Median Nerve

This is the lateral angulation at the elbow, and is formed by the axis of humerus and forearm

Carrying angle

What is the normal carrying angle for men and women?

Male: 5-10 degrees

Female: 10-15 degrees

What is the degree for Cubitus Varus?

<5°

What is the degree for Cubitus Valgus?

>15°

What is the degree for Gunstock deformity?

-15°

The forearm consists of how many bones?

Radius and Ulna

What is the TALK (TALAK) of Proximal Radioulnar Joint?

T: Pivot/Trochoid jt.

A: Radial head ( R ) & Trochlear Notch (U)

L:

✓ Annular lig.

✓ Oblique cord

✓ Quadrate lig.

K:

Pronation and Supination

1° of freedom

1 axis

What is the TALAK (TALK) of Distal Radioulnar Joint?

T: Pivot/Trochoid jt.

A: Ulnar head (U) + Ulnar Notch ( R )

L: ✓ Radioulnar lig.

K:

Pronation and Supination

1° of freedom

1 axis

What is the TALK (TALAK) of the Humeroulnar joint?

T: Modified hinge jt.

A: Trochlea + Trochlear notch

L: MCL (Medial Collateral Ligament)

K:

1° of freedom

1 axis

Flexion & extension

What is the TALK (TALAK) of the Humeroradial joint?

T: Modified hinge jt.

A: Capitulum & Radial Fovea

L: LCL (Lateral Collateral Ligament)

K:

1° of freedom

1 axis

Flexion & Extension

This is a common injury in toddlers and preschoolers where the ligament holding the radius bone in place slips, causing the bone to partially dislocate

Nursemaid's elbow (Pulled Elbow)

This muscle is for mobility

Spurt muscle

What is the origin and insertion of a spurt muscle?

→ Origin: Far from the joint

→ Insertion: Near the joint

Rotatory effect over translatory effect

Spurt muscle

What are the examples of spurt muscle?

Brachialis, Biceps brachii, and Triceps

This muscle is the chief elbow flexor

Brachialis

This muscle is the strongest elbow flexor

Biceps brachii

This muscle is for stability

Shunt

What is the origin and insertion of a Shunt muscle?

→ Origin: Near the joint

→ Insertion: Far from the joint

Translatory effect over rotatory effect

Shunt muscle

What is the example of a shunt muscle?

Brachioradialis

This muscle is the spared flexor muscle

Brachioradialis

This muscle stabilizes forearm function

Anconeus

This muscle is the chief pronator

Pronator Quadratus

This muscle is the strongest pronator

Pronator Teres