Meiosis: What They Do

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10 Terms

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meisosis

the special type of cell division that results in cells with half the normal number of chromosomes

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Chromosomes

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

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Prophase I (Meiosis)

homologous chromosomes pair up and form tetrads, crossing over occurs

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Metaphase I (Meiosis)

Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell.

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Anaphase I (Meiosis)

Tetrads split up and head to opposite poles

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Telophase I (Meiosis)

Cytokinesis occurs, the result are two haploid daughter cells

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Prophase II (Stage 6)

chromosomes condense - nuclear membranes start to dissolve again. Sister chromatids are again joined by a centromere. Spindles start to reform between centrosomes.

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Metaphase II (Stage 7)

Spindles are fully formed again and attach to the centromeres. The chromosomes line up down the middle of the spindles.

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Anaphase II (Stage 8)

The spindles pull the sister chromatids apart. Each goes towards a different pole.

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Telophase II (Stage 9)

Nuclear membranes start to form around the chromosomes again. A cleavage forms. Cytokinesis occurs and the two diploid cells have now divided into 4 haploid cells. In males this equals 4 sperm. In females this creates 1 egg and 3 polar bodies which are useless in humans.