Anatomy Bones Part 2

How many bones in body? Axial/appendicular?

206

Axial: 80

Appendicular: 126

Name the 4 sutures and the bones they divide

Coronal (frontal and parietal)

Lambdoidal (occipital and parietal)

Squamosal (temporal and parietal)

Sagital (between parietal bones)

How do the radius and ulna articulate to the humorous?

The radius and ulna articulate to the humorous through the elbow joint. The part near the elbow is proximal.

What does articulation mean?

The point where two bones meet. Forms a joint (movable- elbow), (immovable-skull)

Thoracic, lumbar, cervical

Cervical- 7

Thoracic- 12

lumbar- 5

Foramen

Any tiny opening (nerves/vessels)

Condyle

smooth rounded edge, articulation

Fossa

Divot in a bone

Tuberosity

bump that muscle attaches to

Name the foramens we have covered

Infraorbital

Supraorbital

Mental

Magnum

external acoustic meatus

jugular

lacerum

Vessels, nerves, and arteries go through all

Magnum has spinal cord going through it.

Atlas and axis head motion?

Axis- yes

Atlas- no

What are “sutures” called in babies? Benefit?

Fontanelles- they allow the skull to be soft for birth passage

Know how to label pelvis: illium, Ischium, pubis

What bones make shoulder girdle?

clavicle and scapula

What makes pelvic girdle?

Illium, Ischium, pubis

Different Joints

Synarthrotic- skull sutures (not movable)

Amphiarthrotic- vertebrae (slightly movable)

Diarthrotic- synovial joints, movable

Synovial joints

Ball and socket- shoulders and hips

Hinge- elbows and knees

Pivot- radius bone

Saddle- wrists/feet

Know how upper limbs are oriented and articulated to the shoulder girdle

Know how to label front, side, and top of skull

How many pairs of ribs do you have? True ribs? Floating?

Total pairs- 12 pairs

True pairs- First 7 pairs

Floating- 11th and 12th pair

Purpose of metatarsals

Balance, supporting weight, walking, shock absorption

Purpose of metacarpals

hands shape, grip strength, forms knuckles (flex, extend, spread)

Situational breaking

What portion of the spine considered primary and which is secondary? name of condition with lateral curving?

Primary- thoracic, sacral

Secondary- cervical, lumbar

Condition- scoliosis

How to tell female skeleton from male:

Male bones bigger in general

Women's pelvis wider and rounder

Male skull have square chins more so

Males sometimes have wider rib cages

Know how to label the lower limb diagram

Name all of the carpals ****

Hamate

Pisiform

Triquetal

Lunate

Trapezoid

Trapezium

Scaphoid

Capitate

Name of the tarsals

navicular

talus

calcaneus

cuboid

Cuneiforms: medial, intermediate, lateral

How many fused vertebrae make up coccyx?

3-5 (most commonly 4)

What kind of vertebrae are axel and axis?

What are you answering if there is a question asking what kind of vertebrae something is?

lumbar

Ribs attach to thoracic vertebrae