Photosynthesis and the Light Reactions

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the light reactions of photosynthesis, focusing on terminology and processes.

Photosynthesis Stage I

The initial phase of photosynthesis where light energy is captured by chloroplasts.

Chloroplasts

Organelles in plant cells that capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy during photosynthesis.

Light Reactions

Stage of photosynthesis that requires light; it captures light energy to energize electrons.

Photolysis

The process of splitting water molecules using light energy, producing hydrogen ions, electrons, and oxygen.

Excited Electrons

Electrons that have absorbed light energy and are at a higher energy level.

Chemiosmotic Gradient

A gradient formed by the concentration of hydrogen ions across a membrane, storing potential energy.

ATP Synthase

An enzyme that uses the energy from hydrogen ions to produce ATP from ADP and phosphate.

NADPH

A stable energy storage molecule formed from NADP+ and hydrogen ions, used in the second stage of photosynthesis.

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

A series of proteins in the thylakoid membrane that facilitate the transfer of excited electrons, capturing energy.

Light-Dependent Reactions

Another term for the light reactions, highlighting the dependence on light to produce energy carriers like ATP and NADPH.