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When can you do the test for sulfate?
If the test for carbonates didn't give a positive result
Are sulfates soluble in water?
Sulfates are soluble in water, but barium sulfate is insoluble.
What do you add for this test?
A few drops of barium nitrate solution to a solution of the unknown substance.
What's the result for this test?
If you get a white precipitate it'll be barium sulfate.
What do you need to add before barium nitrate and why?
Dilute acid as you need to remove any carbonate or sulfite ions that may be in the solution.
Write the ionic equation for this reaction:
SO4 2-(aq) + Ba2+(aq) →BaSO4(s)
What happens if no precipitate is formed?
You don't have any sulfate ions present.