heart metacognition L4

What is the difference between the right and left side of the heart?

Right side:receives oxygen poor blood and then pumps this blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and dispel 

carbon dioxide (Pulmonary circuit)

• Left side: receives the oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps this blood throughout the body.(Systemic

 circuit)

What are atria and ventricles?

• Atria (x2): superior chambers (separated by interatrial septum) that receive blood returning from the pulmonary and systemic circuits

• Ventricles (x2): inferior chambers (separated by interventricular septum) that pump blood around the two circuits.

What are the 3 branches of the aorta?

brachiocephalic , left common carotid, and left subclavian artery

What does the right atrium receive? 

• Receives oxygen poor blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus and pumps it into the right ventricle through the  tricuspid valve

What does the right ventricle receive?

• Receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium via the tricuspid valve, pumps it into the pulmonary arteries via the pulmonary semilunar valve and pulmonary trunk

What does the left atrium recieve?

• Receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs via the pulmonary veins, pumps it into the left ventricle

What does the left ventricle receive?

• Receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium via the bicuspid valve and pumps it into the aorta via the aortic semilunar valve 

Which Ventricle is thicker? Why?

The left one right because it has to pump blood throughout the entire body

Write out the pathway of blood?

Right atrium -> tricuspid valve -> right ventricle - > pulmonary semilunar valve -> pulmonary arteries -> lungs ->pulmonary veins-> left atrium-> bicuspid valve -> left ventricle-> aortic semilunar valve -> aorta   -> systemic circulation

Describe the blood supply to the heart itself.

- Coronary circulation is the functional blood supply to the heart muscle itself Collateral routes ensure the blood delivery to heart even if major vessels are occluded.

What do the two atrioventricular valves: Tricuspid valve and bicuspid valves prevent?

Prevent backflow to blood into the atria during contraction of ventricles

What happens when ventricles start to contract

The pressure within them rises and forces the blood superiorly against the valve cusps…pushing the edges of the cusps together and closing the AV valves.

What are papillary muscles? What happens when they contract? 

• Serve to limit the movements of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves. These Muscles contract to tighten the chordae tendineae, which in turn prevent inversion . They brace the valves against the high pressure, preventing regurgitation of ventricular blood back into the atrial cavities.

What are chordae tendineae? What do they prevent?

• Or heart string are cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve and the bicuspid valve in the heart.

• The chordae tendine prevents the flaps from being everted into the right atrium

What do the semilunar valves do?

• The two semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic valves) prevent backflow from the great arteries into the ventricles. 

What is the function of the pericardial cavity?

• Fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral layers of serous pericardium.

• Function: Contains a lubricating fluid that reduces friction between the beating heart and the outer wall of the pericardial sac

What are the layers of the heart wall?

• Epicardium: Visceral layer of the serous pericardium

• Myocardium: consists of cardiac muscle - Muscle arranged in circular and spiral patterns.

• Endocardium: endothelium resting on a layer of connective tissue - Lines the internal walls of the heart.