Judicial Branch USVA GOV

Original Jurisdiction

______ _________ is the court that hear a case for the first time

attainder

A law that declares an action of an individual can be punished without a trial is a bill of _________

Docket

A ________ is the list of cases to be heard by a court

14th

The Supreme Court has used the ______ amendment to incorporate the Bill of Rights into the state law

Supreme Court

The _______ ________ has original and appellate jurisdiction

Declaration of Sentiment

The ‘__________________ in 1848 paraphrased the ‘Declaration of Independence’ to point out women had been excluded from its rights

Federal

A _____ court has jurisdiction over a citizen of one State is suing a citizen from another State, a State is suing a resident of another State, a State suing another State

dual

State and Federal courts are a part of the ______ court system of the United States

District

_______ Courts have original jurisdiction over most cases heard in Federal court

political

The reason the Supreme Court Justices serve life terms is to avoid __________ influence

life

A constitutional court judge is appointed for _______

Seneca Falls

The ________ ________ Convention sparked the Women’s rights movement

Marbury v Madison

The principles of Judicial Review were established by the ________ v _________ case

Treason

________ is the only crime specifically defined in the Consitution

Writ of Certiorari

A ____ of _________ is issued when the Supreme Court accepts a case to review

Grand Jury

A _____ ________ decides if there is enough evidence to warrant a trial

Dissenting Opinion

A ‘_______ ________’ is written by a Supreme Court Justice who disagrees with the ‘Opinion of the Court’

Free Exercise

Believing and practicing the religion you choose is your right as part of the ______ _________ clause

1st

Right to peacefully assemble is the __ Amendment

5th

Due process of the law is the ____ Amendment

4th

Right against unreasonable searches and seizures is the ____ Amendment

7th

Right to a jury trial in civil cases is the ___ Amendment

2nd

Right to bear arms is the ___ Amendment

8th

Nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted is part of the ___ Amendment

6th

To have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense is part of the ___ Amendment

3rd

No Soldier shall be quartered in any house is the ___ Amendment

1st

Freedom of the Press is the __ Amendment

6th

The rights to a speedy and public trial is the ____ Amendment

Exclusive Jurisdiction

________ _________ refers to cases that may only be heard in Federal courts

inferior

The Constitution refers to all courts below the Supreme Court as _________ Courts

Judicial Activism

_______ ___________ says the Supreme Court should interpret the Constitution more broadly

Judicial Restraint

_________ __________ says the Supreme Court should only make decisions based on what is explicitly written in the Constitution

Affirmative Action

_______ _________ is a policy designed to give special attention to, or compensatory treatment of, members of a previously disadvantaged group

Litmus

The ________ Test is a test of ideological purity and is significant to Supreme Court nominees

Bill of Rights

The ______ of _______ originally established restrictions against the National Government

Civil Liberties

______ __________ are protections of individual rights from govt action

Wall of Separation

The ______ of __________ doctrine refers to the division between church and state

Tinker v Des Moines

In ______ v ________  the Supreme Court said students maintain 1^st Amendment rights as long as the school day is not disrupted

Prior Restraint

Supreme Court cases Near v. Minnesota and New York Times v. U.S. dealt w/ ________ _________

1st

Burning the United States Flag is protected by symbolic speech under the ___ Amendment

5th

The ___ Amendment guarantees Due process for suspects

clear and present danger

The concept of ‘______ ____ _______ _______’ established in Schenck v. U.S., the Supreme Court ruled not all 1st Amendment rights are guaranteed, especially during times of war

14th

The Right to Privacy found in the ___ Amendment and the Bill of Rights helped the Supreme Court in the decision of the Roe v. Wade case

twice

A person can’t be tried _____ for the same crime after an acquittal decision has been made

5th

An accused criminal does not have to act as a witness against themselves if it may incriminate them as part of the _____ Amendment

Miranda v. Arizona

________v _______ resulted in the reading of a suspect’s Miranda rights at the time of arrest

exclusionary rule

Mapp v. Ohio dealt with the _______ ________, illegally obtained evidence can’t be used

Habeas corpus petition

______ ________ petition is filed when an imprisoned person wants to be brought before a judge so that the judge can determine whether the imprisonment is legal

eminent domain

The government’s power to seize private property for the public good with compensation is known as ______ _________

Jim Crow

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed ______ ______ laws

Jurisdiction

_______________ directly limits which court may decide/hear a case

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Stated slaves were property and could not be citizens was ________ _______ v Sanford

Engle v. Vitale

School mandated prayer is unconstitutional according to ________ v Vitale

Separate but Equal

Plessy v. Ferguson created the ‘________ _____ _______’ doctrine

Roe v Wade

_____ v _______ protected the right for 1st trimester abortions. It was overturned by Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022)

McCulloch v. Maryland

‘Necessary and Proper and Supremacy Clauses’ were upheld in _________ v _________

Loving v. Virginia

_______ v ________ said Interracial Marriage could not be outlawed

Texas v. Johnson

‘Symbolic speech’ extends to burning the U.S. flag as part of _______ v _______

Gitlow v. New York

Incorporated Bill of Rights to states from ________ v New York

Brown v. Board of Education

Segregation of the races is inherently unequal according to ________ v ________ ___ __________

Gideon v. Wainwright

_______ v Wainwright included states must grant the right to counsel