APWH: UNIT 1.4

Developments in the Americas

The Mississippian culture (700s-800s CE) is known for enormous ___, some 100 ft and covering 12 football fields

EARTHEN MOUNDS

The largest mound, located in southers Illinois

CAHOKIA

The order of the Mississippian society’s class structure

1. Clue: chief who ruled each large town

2. Who were in the upper class?

3. Who were in the lower class?

4. Who was at the bottom of the classes?

1. Great Sun

2. Priests and nobles

3. Farmers, hunters, merchants, artisans

4. Slaves that were usually prisoners of war

In the Mississippian society, Women ___, men ____

Women FARMED, men HUNTED

The Mississippian society was ____, meaning their social standing was determined by the woman’s side of the family.

MATRILINEAL

Why did various cultures emerge following the rise of the Mississippian Civilization? (SAQ format, write it down)

MAIN POINTS THAT SHOULD BE IN YOUR ANSWER

• As people in a dry region, they had to find ways to efficiently collect transport and store water

• Wood was scarce due to the climate, so people could barely use it to build homes

Which culture built housing structures using stones and clay?

THE CHACO

Which culture built multi-story homes in cliffsides using sandstone bricks?

THE MESA VERDE

What does “meso“ in mesoamerica mean?

MIDDLE

What was The Maya’s main form of government?

CITY-STATES

In the Mayan city states, he rulers were mostly men, but ___ ruled if no mail heir was ___/___

WOMEN, AVAILABLE/OLD ENOUGH

In the Maya Civilization, why was warfare common between city-states?

Done for tribute payments and captives for human sacrifice (NOT territory)

In the Mayan civilization, what does it mean to be a king descent from gods, believed to become one with acestor-god upon death?

It means divine kingship.

In the mayan civilization, the next king is usually ___, but kings could be overthrown if ___

FATHER-TO-SON, THEY LOST SUPPORT

In the Mayan civilization, who was the military during war?

CITIZENS

Was the Mayan Civilization centralized or decentralized?

DECENTRALIZED (They were built on city-states)

Name TWO innivations made in the Mayan Civilization

1. Incorportated zero (0) into the number system

2. Developed a complex writing system

3. Made rubber from plants

How did Mayan priests use calendars?

Priests used calendars to decide religious ceromonies and war.

The Mayas served to many gods. Give three.

The sun, rain, and corn god

Did the Mayas practice human sacrifice? Why?

They practiced human sacrifice in an effort to appease their gods.

The Aztecs, aka the ___ were ___ who migrated from the north to central ___ in the __00s.

MEXICAS, HUNTER-GATHERERS, MEXICO, 1200s

What was the capital of the Aztec civilization?

Tenochtitlan, founded in 1325

What was the Aztec capital’s location and why?

In the middle of a swampy lake, to protect it from attacks

To provide for the city, Aztecs built a network of ___

AQUEDUCTS

On Lake ___, Aztecs built ___ (floating gardens) to increase food production.

TEXCOCO, CHINAMPAS

Why did the Aztecs dig ditches?

To irrigate water and drain out lakes for more land.