Statistical

Z-Test

Tests the difference between means when population variance is known and sample size is large (n > 30).

T-Test

Tests the difference between means when population variance is unknown or sample size is small (n < 30).

One-Sample T-Test

Compares a sample mean to a known value.

Independent T-Test

Compares means from two independent groups.

Paired T-Test

Compares means of the same group at different times.

F-Test

Compares two variances to determine equality.

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

Tests differences among three or more group means.

One-Way ANOVA

Tests one independent variable.

Two-Way ANOVA

Tests two independent variables and their interaction.

Chi-Square Test

Tests relationships between categorical variables.

Pearson Correlation Coefficient

Measures the strength and direction of a relationship between two continuous variables.

Regression Analysis

Predicts a dependent variable's value from an independent variable.

In-Text Citations

Formats for citing sources within text of a work.

Single Author Citation

(Author, Year) Example: (Smith, 2023)