WGU D313 Anatomy and Physiology Mock OA 6 Questions with 100% accurate solutions 2026-2027

A patient loses a significant amount of blood after an accident. Which type of shock is most likely to develop?

Hypovolemic shock

A patient has severe narrowing of several arteries. Which cardiovascular change would be expected?

Increased peripheral resistance

A patient has a low hematocrit. What is the most likely consequence?

Reduced oxygen delivery

A patient has a genetic disorder that prevents normal hemoglobin production. Which function is most affected?

Oxygen transport

A patient has difficulty exchanging gases in the lungs because alveolar walls have thickened. Which process is impaired?

Diffusion

A patient experiences a punctured lung. Which membrane has most likely been damaged?

Pleura

A patient has damage to respiratory bronchioles. Which function would be most directly affected?

Gas exchange initiation

A patient is hyperventilating. What happens to carbon dioxide levels?

Decrease

A patient has elevated hydrogen ion concentration in cerebrospinal fluid. What is the respiratory center likely to do?

Increase breathing rate

A patient cannot move food through the esophagus effectively. Which process is impaired?

Peristalsis

A patient has decreased mucus production in the stomach. Which problem is most likely?

Stomach lining damage

A patient cannot activate pepsinogen. Which digestive process is most affected?

Protein digestion

A patient has a blockage preventing bile from reaching the small intestine. Which nutrient is hardest to digest?

Lipids

A patient has liver failure. Which blood component would most likely decrease?

Plasma proteins

A patient has elevated insulin levels immediately after a meal. Which process increases?

Glycogenesis

A patient has extremely low insulin levels. What happens to blood glucose?

Increases

A patient has gone without food for several days. Which energy source becomes increasingly important?

Ketone bodies

A patient develops diabetes insipidus and cannot produce ADH. What symptom is expected?

Excessive urine production

A patient secretes excessive aldosterone. What is the likely result?

Increased sodium retention

A patient receives a medication that blocks aquaporins. Which process decreases?

Water reabsorption

A patient has damage to the glomerulus. Which kidney function is most affected?

Filtration

A patient develops kidney stones blocking the ureter. What happens?

Urine cannot leave the kidney efficiently

A male patient has low FSH levels. Which process is most affected?

Spermatogenesis support

A patient lacks androgen-binding protein. Which cells are most likely malfunctioning?

Sertoli cells

A male patient has low testosterone. Which cells may not be functioning properly?

Leydig cells

A patient has an obstruction in the epididymis. Which process is most affected?

Sperm maturation

A female patient has damage to the ovarian cortex. Which structure is most directly affected?

Follicles

A patient fails to produce an LH surge. What is the most likely outcome?

Ovulation will not occur

A patient has inadequate progesterone production after ovulation. What may occur?

Difficulty maintaining endometrium

A fertilized egg fails to reach the uterus. Which structure may be malfunctioning?

Ampulla or uterine tube transport mechanisms

A patient has swelling in both legs due to poor lymphatic drainage. Which major lymphatic structure eventually receives this lymph?

Thoracic duct

A patient has a bacterial infection. Which cell type is likely to arrive first at the site?

Neutrophil

A patient has an allergic reaction after a bee sting. Which chemical mediator contributes to swelling?

Histamine

A patient develops redness and warmth around a wound. What is causing these symptoms?

Increased local blood flow

A patient has a deficiency in eosinophils. Which threat becomes harder to fight?

Parasitic worms

A patient has a viral infection. Which innate immune cell can directly destroy infected host cells?

NK cell

A patient cannot produce interferons normally. Which defense is weakened?

Defense against viruses

A patient has a fever of 101°F. Which outcome may benefit the immune response?

Increased phagocytic activity

A patient lacks dendritic cells. Which function is impaired?

Antigen presentation to T cells

A patient has very few helper T cells. Which immune response is most impaired?

Coordination of adaptive immunity

A patient lacks cytotoxic T cells. Which function is affected?

Destruction of infected cells

A patient cannot produce antibodies. Which cells are most likely deficient?

Plasma cells

A transplanted organ is rejected because immune cells recognize foreign antigens. Which immune system component is involved?

Adaptive immunity

A pathogen is presented on MHC I. Which cell should respond?

Cytotoxic T cell

A pathogen is presented on MHC II. Which cell should respond?

Helper T cell

A patient develops severe dehydration. Which hormone would be expected to increase?

ADH

A patient has excessive blood volume. Which hormone would likely increase?

ANP

A patient cannot produce complement proteins effectively. What is impaired?

Immune protein cascade that helps destroy pathogens

A patient develops severe chronic inflammation. Which classic sign of inflammation is likely present?

Swelling

A patient recovers from chickenpox and is protected years later. Which feature of immunity explains this?

Immune memory