week 1 PSYC231

These flashcards cover key concepts of Freud's theories of personality including psychosexual development, methods of treatment, and the structural model of the mind.

What was Freud's initial profession before focusing on clinical work?

He was a neurologist.

What observation led Freud to explore psychological explanations for physical symptoms?

He noticed hysterical patients with distressing physical symptoms that had no physical explanation.

Who was Jean-Martin Charcot and what was his contribution to Freud's work?

A medical hypnotist under whom Freud studied; believed in neurological causes for symptoms.

What was the 'cathartic method' developed by Joseph Breuer?

A treatment method using hypnosis to help patients recall memories and connect emotions to alleviate symptoms.

What significant case did Breuer work on to develop his method?

The case of 'Anna O', who had various distressing symptoms.

What was the 'chimney sweeping method' in Freud's early treatment?

A technique where recalling memories during hypnosis helped reduce symptoms.

What is 'free association' in Freud’s therapeutic technique?

A method where patients share whatever comes to mind, regardless of its importance.

What are the three levels of consciousness in Freud's topographic model?

Conscious, pre-conscious, and unconscious.

What causes neurosis according to Freud?

Thoughts, wishes, and memories stuck at the unconscious level.

What did Freud theorize about repressed memories?

Many repressed memories were of a sexual nature and were linked to early experiences.

What are the stages of psychosexual development proposed by Freud?

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages.

What is the focus of the oral stage of psychosexual development?

Seeking pleasure through the mouth (0-18 months).

What can result from fixation during the anal stage?

Problems with control, order, cleanliness, or messiness.

What occurs during the phallic stage of development?

Children develop an awareness of their bodies and feelings of jealousy towards the same-sex parent.

What is the Oedipal complex?

A child's desire for the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent.

What are the three structures of Freud's structural model?

The id (das ich), the ego (das es), and the super-ego (das uber-ich).

How does Freud describe the id?

As the part of the mind that houses sexual and aggressive drives, desires, fantasies, and wishes.

What role does the super-ego play in personality?

It represents internalized morality.

What is the function of the ego according to Freud?

To balance the pressures from the id and the rules of the super-ego.