Inferential Statistics

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7 Terms

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inferential statistics

a type of statistic that makes inferences (generalizations) from samples to populations

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significance test

used to draw conclusions about populations based upon research conducted on samples

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criterion of significance

AKA alpha level; the criterion used to determine whether observed difference is due to chance or is statistically significant. usually 0.05.

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type I error

rejecting a true null hypothesis

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type II error

accepting a false null hypothesis

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types of significance tests

  • t-test: used to compare means of two groups

  • ANOVA: used to compare means of more than two groups

  • Chi-square test: used when individual observations are names or categories (nominal data)

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meta-analysis

a statistical procedure that can be used to make conclusions on the basis of data from different studies