lecture 50 lower leg mm

knee to ankle

the leg extends from the ___ to the ___

tibia, interosseous membrane, fibula, and 2 intermuscular septae

what is the leg divided into three fascial compartments by?

13

how many mm are in the leg?

3

the 13 mm of the leg are located in ___ fascial compartments

4

how many leg mm are in the anterior compartment?

2

how many leg mm are in the lateral compartment?

7

how many leg mm are in the posterior compartment?

anterior to interosseous membrane

where is the anterior compartment of the leg located?

dorsiflexion of the foot and extension of the toes

what are the mm of the anterior compartment concerned with?

deep fibular n, anterior tibial a

what are the mm of the anterior compartment of the leg innervated and supplied by?

anterior to and between the two malleoli

where do the mm of the anterior compartment enter the foot?

lateral condyle of tibia (t)

tibialis anterior m: origin

medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal (medial surface)

tibialis anterior m: insertion

deep fibular n

tibialis anterior m: innervation

dorsiflex and invert foot

tibialis anterior m: function

anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

extensor hallicus longus m: origin

distal phalanx of great toe

extensor hallucis longus m: insertion

deep fibular n (ehl)

extensor hallucis longus m: innervation

extend great toe and dorsiflex foot

extensor hallucis longus m: function

lateral condyle of tibia (edl)

extensor digitorum longus m: origin

middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits

extensor digitorum longus m: insertion

deep fibular n (edl)

extensor digitorum longus m: innervation

extend 2nd-5th digits and dorsiflex foot

extensor digitorum longus m: function

distal third of anterior surface of fibula

fibularis tertius m: origin

base of fifth metatarsal

fibularis tertius m: insertion

deep fibular n (ft)

fibularis tertius m: innervation

dorsiflex foot and assist in eversion

fibularis tertius m: function

tibialis anterior m, extensor hallucis longus m, extensor digitorum longus m, fibularis tertius m

what are the mm of the anterior compartment of the leg?

lateral compartment

what compartment of leg is the location of the two fibular mm?

eversion of foot

what are the mm in the lateral compartment responsible for?

superficial fibular n, fibular a

what are the mm of the lateral compartment of the leg are innervated and supplied by?

posterior to the lateral malleolus

how do the mm of the lateral compartment course before entering the foot?

head and proximal 2/3 of fibula

fibularis longus m: origin

base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform (planar surface)

fibularis longus m: insertion

superficial fibular n

fibularis longus m: innervation

evert foot (fl)

fibularis longus m: function

distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

fibularis brevis m: origin

tuberosity of 5th metatarsal

fibularis brevis m: insertion

superficial fibular n (fb)

fibularis brevis m: innervation

evert foot (fb)

fibularis brevis m: function

superficial and deep sections

the posterior compartment of the leg is generally subdivided into what sections?

calf mm

what are the mm of the posterior compartment of the leg often referred to as?

flexion at the ankle

the mm of the posterior compartment of the leg are responsible for what?

tibial n, posterior tibial a

what are the mm of the posterior compartment of the leg innervated and supplied by?

heel

what do the superficial mm of the posterior compartment attach to?

posterior to medial malleolus

how do the deep mm of the posterior compartment enter the foot?

lateral condyle of femur

gastrocnemius m: origin of lateral head

popliteal surface of femur

gastrocnemius m: origin of medial head

posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

gastrocnemius m: insertion

tibial n (g)

gastrocnemius m: innervation

plantarflex foot and flex leg

gastrocnemius m: function

diamond shaped region posterior to knee

describe popliteal fossa

popliteal a

what is the continuation of the femoral a after passing through the adductor hiatus?

tibial n

what is the medial and larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve?

common fibular n

what is the lateral and smaller terminal branch of the sciatic n?

small saphenous v

what is a superficial v that ends in the popliteal v?

popliteal a, popliteal v, tibial n, common fibular n, small saphenous v

list the contents of the popliteal fossa

semitendinosus and semimembranosus mm

what is the superomedial border of popliteal fossa?

medial head of gastrocnemius m

what is the inferomedial border of popliteal fossa?

lateral head of gastrocnemius m

what is the inferolateral border of popliteal fossa?

biceps femoris m

what is the superolateral border of popliteal fossa?

popliteal surface of femur

what is the floor of popliteal fossa?

skin and fascia

what is the roof of popliteal fossa?

posterior surface of head of fibula and proximal 1/4 of tibia

soleus m: origin

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (s)

soleus m: insertion

tibial n (s)

soleus m: innervation

plantarflex foot

soleus m: function

grouping of the gastrocnemius and soleus mm

what does the term triceps surae refer to?

plantaris m

what posterior leg m is often absent and considered vestigial?

gastrocnemius m, soleus m, plantaris m

list the superficial posterior leg mm

lateral supracondylar line of femur

plantaris m: origin

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

plantaris m: insertion

tibial n (p)

plantaris m: innervation

assists gastrocnemius with plantarflexion

plantaris m: function

lateral condyle of femur

popliteus m: origin

upper posterior surface of tibia

popliteus m: insertion

tibial n (po)

popliteus m: innervation

laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia (unlocks the knee joint)

popliteus m: function

distal 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula

flexor hallucis longus m: origin

base of distal phalanx of great toe

flexor hallucis longus m: insertion

tibial n (fhl)

flexor hallucis longus m: innervation

flex great toe, plantarflex foot, support medial longitudinal arch

flexor hallucis longus m: function

posterior surface of tibia

flexor digitorum longus m: origin

base of distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits

flexor digitorum longus m: insertion

tibial n (fdl)

flexor digitorum longus m: innervation

flex 2nd-5th digits, plantarflex foot, support medial longitudinal arch

flexor digitorum longus m: function

posterior surface of tibia and fibula

tibialis posterior m: origin

navicular, cuboid, and cuneiform bones and bases of metatarsals 2-4

tibialis posterior m: insertion

tibial n (t)

tibialis posterior m: innervation

plantarflex and invert foot

tibialis posterior m: function

tibialis posterior m, flexor digitorum longus m, posterior tibial a, tibial n, flexor hallucis longus m

what is immediately posterior to the medial malleolus (tom, dick, and nervous harry)?

popliteus m, flexor hallucis longus m, flexor digitorum longus m, tibialis posterior m

list the deep posterior leg mm