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Anatomy Exam 3
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Muscles
Anatomy
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27 Terms
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1
Skeletal Muscle
Muscle tissue that pulls on skeletal bones and is under voluntary contraction.
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2
Cardiac Muscle
Muscle tissue that pushes blood through arteries and veins and exhibits rhythmic contractions.
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3
Smooth Muscle
Muscle tissue that pushes fluids and solids along the digestive tract, characterized by involuntary contraction.
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4
Excitability
The ability of muscle tissue to respond to stimuli.
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5
Contractility
The ability of muscle tissue to shorten and exert a pull or tension.
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6
Extensibility
The ability of muscle tissue to be stretched or to increase in length.
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7
Elasticity
The ability of muscle tissue to rebound toward its original length.
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8
Tendons
Connective tissues that connect muscles to bones.
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9
Aponeuroses
Thick, flattened sheets of connective tissue connecting muscles to muscles.
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10
Myofibrils
Structural units within muscle fibers responsible for muscle contraction.
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11
Sarcomere
The main functioning unit of muscle fibers, consisting of overlapping actin and myosin.
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12
The Sliding Filament Theory
A theory explaining muscle contraction where the H band and I band get smaller while Z lines move closer together.
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13
Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)
The chemical synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber that transmits signals for contraction.
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14
Motor Unit
A functional unit consisting of a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.
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15
Muscle Tone
The tension of a muscle when it is relaxed, stabilizing the position of bones and joints.
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16
Fast Fibers
Muscle fibers associated with quick bursts of power but fatigue rapidly.
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17
Slow Fibers
Muscle fibers that contract slowly but can sustain activity longer and contain more myoglobin.
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18
Motor Units and Muscle Control
The method of controlling muscle contraction based on the number and frequency of activated motor units.
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19
Origin (in muscles)
The point of muscle attachment that remains stationary during contraction.
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20
Insertion (in muscles)
The point of muscle attachment that moves during contraction.
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21
Prime Movers (Agonists)
Muscles responsible for producing a particular movement.
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22
Antagonists
Muscles that oppose the action of the agonists.
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23
Synergists
Muscles that assist the prime mover in performing an action.
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24
Fixators
Muscles that stabilize joints and maintain a position during movement.
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25
Diaphragm
The major muscle involved in breathing that contracts to increase thoracic cavity volume.
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26
Perineal Region
The area of the pelvic floor, divided into the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle.
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27
Pelvic Diaphragm
Muscular structure forming the foundation of the pelvic cavity.
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