A 1.2 | Quizlet

subunits of DNA and RNA

nucleotides

3 parts of a nucleotide

pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group

DNA

deoxyribonucleic acid

what are nucleotides linked by

covalent bonds (between pentose sugar and phosphate)

DNA

Cythosine

Thymine

Adenine

Guanine

RNA

Cytosine

Guanine

Adenine

Uracil

one ring bases, pyrimidines

cytosine, thymine, uracil

two-ring bases, purines

adenine, guanine

what bonds connect nitrogen bases

hydrogen bonds

differences between DNA and RNA

pentose is ribose in DNA, but deoxyribose in DNA

DNA has Thymine, RNA has Uracil

RNA has one strand of nucleotides, DNA has two

DNA replication

the process of making a copy of DNA, information passes to daughter cell

DNA transcription

the formation of an RNA strand complementary to the DNA strand by RNA polymerase, mRNA carries the base sequence of a protein coding gene to the ribosome

DNA translation

Process by which mRNA is converted into a protein. It carries a series of 3-base codons, each transfer RNA molecule. Ribosomes link codons to anticodons by complimentary base pairing

unionized phosphates

have OH

purines

Adenine and Guanine

Pyrimidines

Cytosine and Thymine

Dinucleotide

Two nucleotides linked by a phosphodiester bond.

double bond

between T and A