[ESP 3] Unit 2: Operations Management

Feedback (Phản hồi)

"information or statements of opinion about something, such as a new product, that can tell you if it is successful or liked"

Process hierarchy (Thứ bậc quy trình)

"The order that certain processes must happen in in order to achieve the desired outcome"

Input (Đầu vào)

"something such as energy, money, or information that is put into a system, organization, or machine so that it can operate"

Operations management (Quản trị vận hành)

"It is the administration of business operations within an enterprise to achieve the best quality products and services, and is involved with the most effective conversion of materials and labour into products and services to maximise an organization's profitability."

Utilize (Sử dụng, khai thác)

"to use something in an effective way"

Transformation (Sự biến đổi, chuyển hóa)

"a complete change in the appearance or character of something or someone, especially so that they are improved"

Design (Thiết kế)

"the way in which something is planned and made"

Volume (Khối lượng, sản lượng)

"the number or amount of something in general"

Forecast (Dự báo)

"statement of what is judged likely to happen in the future, especially in connection with a particular situation, or the expected weather conditions"

Output (Đầu ra, sản lượng)

"an amount of something produced by a person, machine, factory, country, etc."

Planning (Lập kế hoạch)

"The formalization of what is intended to happen at some time in the future."

Lean (Tinh gọn)

"An approach to operations management that emphasizes the continual elimination of waste of all types, often used interchangeably with just-in-time (JIT); it is more an overall philosophy whereas JIT is usually used to indicate an approach to planning and control that adopts lean principles."

Operation (Hoạt động / Khâu vận hành)

"The part of an organization, which is concerned with the transformation of a range of inputs into the required output (services) having the requisite quality level."

Job design (Thiết kế công việc)

"The way in which we structure the content and environment of individual staff member's jobs within the workplace and the interface with the technology or facilities that they use."

Preliminary design (Thiết kế sơ bộ)

"The initial design of a product or service that sets out its main components and functions, but does not include many specific details."

Control (Kiểm soát)

"The process of monitoring operations activity and coping with any deviations from the plan; usually involves elements of replanning."

Process design (Thiết kế quy trình)

"The overall configuration of a process that determines the sequence of activities and the flow of transformed resources between them."

Quality (Chất lượng)

"Consistent conformance to customers' expectations."

Project (Dự án)

"A set of activities with a defined start point and a defined end state which pursue a defined goal using a defined set of resources."

Quality characteristics (Đặc tính chất lượng)

"The various elements within the concept of quality, such as functionality, appearance, reliability, durability, recovery, etc."

Assembly line (also called a production line) (Dây chuyền lắp ráp / sản xuất)

"a production system where a product moves slowly through a factory as new parts are added to it"

Finished goods (Thành phẩm)

"complete products that are ready to sell"

Lead time (also called cycle time) (Thời gian thực hiện / Thời gian chu kỳ)

"the length of time that lapses between placing an order for something and receiving it"

Offshore production (Sản xuất ở nước ngoài / Offshore)

"the manufacture of goods in another country for import to the domestic market"

Optimum capacity (Công suất tối ưu)

"the most efficient level of production or output, with the result that production costs are kept to a minimum"

Planned obsolescence (Sự lỗi thời có kế hoạch)

"designing products so that they have a limited lifespan and so need to be replaced more often"

Product recall (Thu hồi sản phẩm)

"the removal from sale of an item that might be dangerous to the people who have bought it"

Purchasing power (Sức mua)

"the quantity of goods or services which can be bought by a group of people, a sector, an organisation, etc."

Resource allocation (Phân bổ nguồn lực)

"assigning people and machines to projects in a way that optimises production and results"

Supply chain (Chuỗi cung ứng)

"the manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, etc., who make, deliver and sell products to customers"

Bar coding (Mã vạch)

"The process of attaching machine-readable lines on a product, product part or package, which can then be read by a computer."

Logistics (Hậu cần / Logistics)

"The task of managing the movement, storage and processing of materials and information in a supply chain."

Preventive maintenance (Bảo trì phòng ngừa)

"The servicing of factory machines and other equipment that is carried out before a fault develops."

Intermediate goods (Hàng hóa trung gian)

"Goods that are bought for use in the production of other products."

Stockout (Hết hàng / Cạn tồn kho)

"A situation where a particular component or part has been used up and has not been replenished (often as a result of poor inventory control)."

Down time (Thời gian ngừng hoạt động / Thời gian chết)

"A period during which a machine is not available because it is being serviced or has broken down."

Margin of error (Biên độ lỗi / Sai số)

"An allowance made for the possibility of mistakes (for example, a miscalculation in a calculation)"

Just in time (JIT) (Đúng lúc / Kịp thời)

"A production system in which goods are made or purchased just before they are needed."

Made to order (Sản xuất theo đơn đặt hàng)

"An item that is produced in response to the request of a particular client or customer."

First in, first out (FIFO) (Nhập trước xuất trước)

"A method of stock control in which the stock of a product in store is used before more recently produced or purchased stock."