Biostats 2010 week 1a part 1

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30 Terms

1

Probability

Any probability PA is the event A will happen between 0 and ____.

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2

Sample Space

All possible outcomes must add up to ____ for sample space.

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3

Complement

The probability that an event DOES NOT occur is 1 minus the probability, this is called a ____.

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4

Disjoint

Two events A and B are DISJOINT or ____ if they cannot occur at the same sample space.

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5

Union

A U B which equals A + ____.

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6

Independent

Two events A and B are ____ if knowing that one occurs does NOT change the probability that the other occurs.

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7

Conditional Probability

Probability obtained with the additional information that some other event already occurs is called ____ probability.

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8

Intersection

A upside down U B = A ____ B.

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9

Dependent Events

Dependent events are the probability of one event if we know another event ____.

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10

Non-Disjoint

Non-disjoint events are when there is some sort of ____ between them.

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11

What is the range of any probability PA?

Between 0 and 1

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12

What must all possible outcomes add up to in a sample space?

1

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13

What is the complement of an event?

1 minus the probability of the event occurring

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14

When are two events A and B considered disjoint or mutually exclusive?

When they cannot occur in the same sample space

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15

How do you calculate the probability of A or B occurring?

A + B

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16

What does it mean for two events A and B to be independent?

Knowing that one occurs does not change the probability of the other occurring

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17

How do you denote the intersection of two events A and B?

A upside down U B (A โˆฉ B)

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18

What is conditional probability?

The probability of an event given that another event has already occurred

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19

How is conditional probability represented?

B|A (B given A)

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20

What does the notation A|B represent?

The probability of A not happening given that B has already occurred

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21

What is the definition of disjoint events?

Two groups that cannot happen at the same time

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22

What is the formula for the union of two non-disjoint events?

P(A) + P(B) - P(A โˆฉ B)

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23

What is the probability of an event occurring if it is dependent on another event?

It must take into account the occurrence of the first event

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24

How do you calculate the conditional probability of B given A?

P(B|A) = P(A โˆฉ B) / P(A)

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25

What is the complement of a conditional event?

1 - P(A|B)

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26

What is the significance of the sample space in probability?

It defines all possible outcomes for an event

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27

How do you denote the union of two events A and B?

A U B (A โˆช B)

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28

What is the probability of A and B occurring if they are independent?

P(A) ร— P(B)

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29

What happens to the sample space when an event occurs without replacement?

The sample space changes, affecting subsequent probabilities

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30

What is the importance of understanding disjoint and non-disjoint events in probability?

It affects how probabilities are calculated and combined.

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