Science Lecture: Processes of Liquid, Kinetic Energy, and Phase Diagrams

Flashcards covering phase changes, state characteristics, kinetic energy, and phase diagram concepts directly from the science lecture notes.

What is the name of the process when a gas changes into a liquid?

Condensation

What is the name of the process when a solid turns into a liquid?

Melting

What is the process when a liquid turns into a solid?

Freezing

What is the process when a liquid turns into a gas?

Evaporation

What is the process when a solid turns into a gas?

Sublimation

What is the process called when a gas changes into a solid?

Deposition

According to the lecture, what does changing matter from a liquid to a solid require?

Addition of energy

According to the lecture, what does changing matter from a liquid to a gas require?

Removal of energy

What is the movement of particles called?

Kinetic energy

What occurs at absolute zero?

Particles of matter stop moving

What are the properties and particle movements of a solid described in the lecture?

A solid has a definite shape and definite volume, its particles move by vibrating, and it has the least kinetic energy

What is provided as an example of a solid?

A mountain

What are the characteristics of a liquid described in the lecture?

Indefinite shape, definite volume, medium speed, and a medium amount of kinetic energy

What is provided as an example of a liquid?

Water

How does the lecture describe the shape, volume, and movement of a gas?

A gas has a definite shape and definite volume, and its particles move extremely fast with a high amount of kinetic energy

What is provided as an example of a gas?

Oxygen

What are the properties of plasma mentioned in the lecture?

Plasma has a definite shape, definite volume, high kinetic energy, and its particles move really fast

What is provided as an example of where plasma is found?

What's made out of the sun

What is the triple point in a phase diagram?

The point when all three phases (solid, liquid, and gas) are equivalent at once

What substance exists beyond the critical point?

Supercritical fluid

What values are given for the degree and pressure of a triple point in the notes?

The degree is $50$ degrees and the pressure is $0.5$ degrees

What happens to the boiling point of a liquid as elevation increases up a mountain or hill?

The boiling point decreases