Mood Disorders and Self-Harm/Suicide Study Guide

Mood

A pervasive and sustained emotion that colors an individual's perception of the world and how they function within it.

Mood Disorder

Persisting or recurrent disturbances in mood that cause psychological stress and behavioral impairment over many years.

Affect

The behavioral expression of emotion.

Appropriate Affect

Emotional expression that is congruent with the situation.

Constricted/Blunted Affect

Diminished range and intensity of emotional expression.

Flat Affect

A total absence of emotional expression.

Transient Symptoms

Normal responses to everyday disappointments.

Pathological Depression

Occurs when adaptation to stressors is ineffective.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Characterized by an overwhelming state of sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, guilt, disturbed sleep/appetite, low energy, and inability to concentrate.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

Diagnosed in children exhibiting extreme irritability, tantrums, and trouble functioning.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)

Chronic depression lasting for at least 2 years, with no evidence of psychotic symptoms.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Depressed mood and mood swings that occur the week prior to menses.

Postpartum Depression

Depression occurring after childbirth, associated with hormonal changes.

Bipolar Disorder

Characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression.

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSH)

Intentional harming of self without intent to die, used as a coping mechanism.

Beck Depression Inventory

A 21-item self-assessment tool for depression in adolescents and adults.

SAD PERSONS Scale

A risk assessment tool for suicide, incorporating factors like sex, age, and previous attempts.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A non-pharmacologic treatment empowering change through modifying negative thoughts.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Used for treatment-resistant depression.