Data representation

Bit

The smallest unit of data in a computer, representing a binary value of 0 or 1.

Byte

A group of eight bits, commonly used to represent a single character.

Decimal (Base 10)

A number system using digits 0-9, based on powers of 10.

Binary (Base 2)

A nuA number system using digits 0 and 1, based on powers of 2, used internally by computers.mber system using digits 0 and 1, based on powers of 2, used internally by computers.

Hexadecimal (Base 16)

A number system using digits 0-9 and letters A-F, based on powers of 16, often used in computing as a more human-friendly representation of binary values.

Kilobyte (kB)

Approximately 1,000 bytes; used to measure small file sizes.

Megabyte (MB)

Approximately 1,000 kilobytes; used to measure medium-sized files.

Gigabyte (GB)

Approximately 1,000 megabytes; used to measure large files or storage capacity.

Terabyte (TB)

Approximately 1,000 gigabytes; used to measure very large storage capacities.

Character Set

A collection of characters and symbols used for data representation.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

A 7-bit character encoding standard representing English characters, with codes ranging from 0 to 127.

Unicode

A character encoding standard that extends ASCII to include characters from various languages and scripts, providing a unique code point for each character.

Pixel

The smallest unit of a digital image, representing a single point in the image.

Bitmap

An image composed of a grid of pixels, each with a specific color and intensity.

Colour Depth

The number of bits used to represent the color of a single pixel, determining the range of colors in an image.

Image Resolution

The dimensions of an image, typically measured in pixels (width x height), affecting image clarity and detail.

Analogue Sound

Continuous sound waves representing varying frequencies and amplitudes.

Digital Sound

Sound represented by discrete samples, converted from analogue signals.

Sampling Rate

The number of samples of audio taken per second during analogue-to-digital conversion, measured in hertz (Hz).

Sample Resolution

The number of bits used to represent each audio sample, affecting sound quality.

Lossless Compression

Reduces file size without any loss of data, preserving original quality.

Lossy Compression

Reduces file size by removing some data, often unnoticeable to users, but some quality is lost.