Intro to Cog-Neuro PPT

What is cognitive neuroscience?

The neuroscience of cognition

What is neuroscience?

The study of the nervous system and behavior

What is the mind-body and mind-brain problem?

The brain creates cognition, but cognition is the functioning of brain

What is Monism?

The mind and body are composed of the same substance

What is dualism?

2 things; mind is separate from the brain

What model did Descartes use to explain brain’s activity?

The hydraulic model

What is known as the “seat of the soul”?

Pineal gland

What did not support Descartes’ model?

Not supported by empiricism which prioritizes experimentation or observation.

What did Galvani due?

IN late 1700s showed that electrical stimulation of muscle made frog’s leg move

What did Fritsch & Hitzig produce in 1870?

movement by electrically stimulating dog’s brain

What did helmholtz measure?

speed of conduction in nerve

What did all the researchers help establish about neural conduction and functioning?

* Neural conduction is biological in nature
* neural functioning is open to scientific study

What is Localization?

The idea that specific areas of the brain carry out specific functions

What did Phineas GAge’s case locate?

important behavioral controls in the frontal lobes

What did Broca’s study show?

Study of a brain-damaged patient’s Broca with inability to speak is located in Broca’s area in left hemisphere

What is Phrenology?

Gall’s extreme theory of lcoalization

How many different “faculties” of emotion and intellect locate in Gall’s theory?

35

How did Gall’s theory occur?

Strength was assessed from size of bumps on a person’s skull

What famous researcher got a job through phrenology?

Darwin = allowed him to go to Galapagos

What is equipotentiality?

The idea that memories are distributed throughout the brain

What is the opposite of localization?

Equipotentiality

Who proposed the extreme view of equipotentiality?

Karl Lashley

\