Cell Divisions, Controlling Cell Cycle, Stem cells

Flashcards about Cell Division, Controlling Cell Cycle, and Stem Cells.

Prokaryotic Cell Division (Binary fission)

Cell elongates, DNA replicates, cell wall and plasma membrane divide, cross-wall forms, cells separate; Rapid

Eukaryotic Cell Division

Interphase + M phase; Slow, controlled process

Why do cells divide?

Growth, Tissue repair, Replacement, Reproduction (only for unicellular organisms)

Mitosis Phases

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Apoptosis

Controlled/Programmed Cell Death; When damage cannot be repaired

Tumour

Uncontrolled cell division; Regulator genes mutated; Cell cycle continues unregulated

Potency

State of being undifferentiated with the capability of differentiating into specialised cells

Self-renewal

Stem cell division via mitosis gives rise to two daughter cells: 1 differentiated and 1 identical stem cell

Totipotent

Differentiate into any cell types

Pluripotent

Differentiate into multiple/many cell types

Multipotent

Differentiate into a limited number of specialized cell types belonging to a specific tissue or organ

Oligopotent

Differentiate into a limited number of cell types

Unipotent

Differentiate into only cells of their own type