PE Term 4

The peak force a muscle or muscle group can develop in a single effort or contraction

Muscular Strength

The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to perform contractions against resistance or to hold an isometric muscle action for an extended period of time

Muscular Endurance

The capacity of a joint to move through its full ROM

Flexibility

The ability of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and muscular systems to take in, transport, and utilize oxygen

Aerobic Power

Heritability estimate of 90-95%, genetics impact lung size, heart efficiency, muscle fiber composition, etc

Genetics as a factor of Aerobic Power

More slow twich fibers will be able to produce more energy aerobically.

Muscle Fiber type as a factor of Aerobic Power

Chronic adaptations that result from training heavily impact Aerobic Power

Training Status as a factor of Aerobic Power

Peaks at 25-28 years, then decreases as age increases

Age as a factor of Aerobic Power

Males generally have greater blood capacity therefore a greater capacity to produce energu aerobically

Sex as a factor of Aerobic Power

Increased cross-sectional area increases force production

Cross-sectional area of muscle as a factor of Muscular Strength

Heretibility estimate of 35-80%, impacts muscle fiber composition and muscle growth

Genetics as a factor of Muscular Strength

More fast-twitch fibers leads to more force production

Muscle fiber type as a factor of Muscular Strength

Peaks at 20-30, then decreases due to changes in muscle size and mass

Age as a factor of Muscular Strength

Males generally have a greater cross-sectional area

Sex as a factor of Muscular Strength

Aerobic and resistance training may impact the ability to sustain repeated contractions 

Training Status as a factor of Muscular Endurance

Peaks at 25-30, then declines

Age as a factor of Muscular Endurance

A higher level of musclar strength positively influences the abililty to contract muscles repeatedly

Muscular Strength as a factor of Muscular Endurance

Males tend to have more endurance due to sex impacting aerobic power and muscular strength

Sex as a factor of Muscular Endurance

Type of joints have different mobility

Joint Structure as a factor of Flexibility

Temperature decreases the viscosity of a joint

Temperature as a factor of Flexibility

Greatest ROM is at 8-10

Age as a factor of Flexibility

Some research suggesting females more flexible than males.

Sex as a factor of Flexibility

Movement that is required for functional day to day activities

Functional Movement

A movement assessment done before a personalised plan which aims to evaluate the individual’s functional movement patterns.

Functional Movement Assessment (FMA)

Identify movement limitations, build foundation/baseline, monitor progress, prevent injuries, and educate

Purposes for a FMA

The ability to get through daily activities effectively and efficiently

Physical Fitness