BIOL 1406 TERMS

Prokaryotic Cells

Single celled organism with no nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Eukaryotic Cells

Multi-cellular organism with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Cell wall (plants and bacteria)

Outer layer of the cell which provides structure, shape, and protection

Cell membrane (plasma membrane)

Regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell

Cytosol

Liquid part of the cytoplasm, made up of mostly water

Cytoplasm

Enter content within the cell membrane, helps hold organelles in place

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell, produces chemical energy for the cell

Golgi Apparatus

“Post office”, receives proteins/lipids from ER and delivers to other organelles

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Synthesizes/creates proteins and contains ribosomes

Nucleus

Holds all the DNA for the cell

Centrioles

Organizes microtubules for cell division and the formation of cilia and flagella

Ribosomes

The site of protein synthesis in the cell

Chloroplast

Photosynthesizes by converting light energy into glucose and oxygen

Gamete Cells

Reproductive cells (sperm and egg)

Somatic Cells

Body cells (all other cell besides reproductive)

Viruses

Parasites, they infect a host cell and replicate

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Synthesizes lipids steroids and carbs, detoxifies harmful substances and stores calcium ions

Bacteriophage

Type of virus that infects bacterial cells