World History - The Enlightenment, The Scientific Revolution, and Exploration

Learn the discoveries of famous explorers.

Thomas Hobbes

Self Preservation, people are innately brute, and “You never have a right to rebel.”

Self Preservation: In psychology, "self-preservation" refers to the - - in humans and animals to - themselves from - or -.

innate, instinct, protect, harm, danger

John Locke

Natural Rights (life, liberty, propety), Belief in the Social Contract, “If the government doesn’t do their job, you can rebel.”

Baron Montesquieu

Separation of laws/power and checks and balances.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The Social Contract, people are inately good, but are corrupted, liberty is achieved by following rules.

The Social Contract

Social contract theory says that people live together in society in accordance with an - that establishes - and - rules of behavior. Some people believe that if we live according to a social contract, we can live - by our - - and not because a - - requires it.

agreement, moral, political, morally, own choice, divine being

Volitaire

Religious Toleration, Deionism - God created the world, but then let laws be created.

Nicolaus Copernicus discovered (Father of modern -).

Heliocentric Theory, astronomy

Johannes Kepler

3 laws of planetary motion, planets orbit elliptically (orbital force).

In the context of celestial mechanics, "orbital force" refers to the force, typically -, that keeps an object in a curved path ( - -) around another object.

gravity, an orbit,

Galileo Galilei discovered… 1, 2, 3.

(Father of modern - and -).

(Ganymede, IO, Callisto, and Europa)

Mountains on Earth’s moons, Jupiter’s four largest moons, planets aren’t just orbs of light, (but are made of similar material)

physics, astronomy

Isaac Newton discovered 1, 2.

Read! Newton's discoveries, particularly his law of universal gravitation, established that objects near Earth's surface accelerate towards it at a rate of approximately 9.8 meters per second squared (9.8 m/s²) due to gravity, regardless of their mass. 

Gravity, objects fall at a rate of 9.8 m/s².

Francis Bacon

Scientific Method, Inductive Reasoning (observation).

Scientific Breakthroughs 1, 2, 3

Pascal's law says that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid will be transmitted - a change in - to every point of the fluid and to the walls of the container. The - at any point in the fluid is - in all directions.

Blood starts and ends at the heart, Pascal’s Laws, Doyle.

without, magnitude, pressure, equal.

Women’s accomplishments during the scientific revolution. (People, accomplishment)

*The theory of radioactivity:

Per GAI: The cause of her death was given as aplastic pernicious anaemia, a condition she developed after years of exposure to radiation through her work. She left two daughters, Irene (born 1898) and Eve (born 1904).

Margaret Cavendish, Maria Winkelmann, Marie Curie, Madame Curie, the theory of radioactivity.

Bartolomeu Dias discovered the…

Cape of Good Hope

Vasco da Gama discovered a

Direct sea route from Europe to India.

Christopher Columbus discovered the

Caribbean Islands (modern day Bahamas)

He was later credited with discovering America in 1492, although he never actually set foot on the mainland.

Ferdinand Magellan discovered the…

And his crew - - -, after his death, proving that the earth wasn’t - but was actually -. He died due to conflict with local -.

Strait of Magellan, circumnavigated the Earth, flat, round, Philippines.

John Cabot

Newfoundland Canada (1497), Cape Breton Island

Jacques Cartier

St. Lawrence River & Gulf of St. Lawrence

Amerigo Vespucci

The Mouth of the Amazon River, parts of the Brazilian coast, and the Río de la Plata.