Indigenous Creative Crafts and the Peopling of the Philippines

Flashcards covering the origins of Indigenous Peoples in the Philippines, various migration theories, and scientific accounts of geographical development.

Table of Nations

A biblical tradition and genealogical record established by the descendants of Noah (Shem, Ham, and Japheth) to explain the settlement of different world regions.

Near East

A region encompassing the eastern Mediterranean, including countries such as Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Iraq, and Egypt.

Sunda Shelf

The portion of the Asian continental shelf that was exposed during the last glacial period of the Pleistocene (Ice Age) between $110,000$ and $12,000$ years ago.

Out of Sundaland Theory

A hypothesis suggesting that the now-submerged region of Sundaland is the potential cradle of the Asian population.

Peter Bellwood

The archaeologist who proposed the "Out of Taiwan" model, suggesting the Philippines was populated by people of Austronesian ancestry.

Austronesian people

A group of people across Southeast Asia, East Africa, and the Pacific who speak Austronesian languages.

Neolithic period

A period beginning around $6,500$ BCE until about $3,500$ BC during which the migration to Taiwan purportedly occurred.

Australo-Melanesian people

The group thought to have inhabited the islands approximately $23,000$ years before the arrival of Austronesian-speaking people.

Wave Migration Theory

A widely known theory created by Henry Otley Beyer suggesting that ancestors of modern Filipinos arrived in the archipelago in distinct stages.

Henry Otley Beyer

The founder of the Anthropology Department of the University of the Philippines and the primary proponent of the Wave Migration Theory.

Dawn Man

A cave-man type human from $250,000$ years ago, related to Java Man and Peking Man, according to Beyer's theory.

Negritos

An aboriginal group of hunters and gatherers who purportedly arrived in the Philippines via land bridges approximately $30,000$ years ago.

Malays

Seafaring people who brought Iron Age culture to the Philippines around $3,000$ years ago and became the dominant group before Spanish arrival.

Progressive Evolution

A theory suggesting that species all innately develop towards a particular goal, which is a point of controversy for Beyer's migration model.

Alfred Wegener

The scientist who proposed the theory of continental drift in the early 20th century.

Pangaea

The supercontinent described by Alfred Wegener where all the continents were once joined together before drifting apart.

Thingvellir rift

A rift valley in Iceland located along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge that grows approximately $1\text{ centimeter}$ ($0.4\text{ inch}$) every year.

Plate Tectonics

The modern scientific theory explaining the movement of Earth's crust through the movement of lithospheric plates.

Indigenous Creative Crafts

Expressions of history, identity, resilience, and cultural continuity preserved through traditional artifacts like textiles and carvings.