BIO 101 Exam 1

Why is the scientific method used?

To test ideas about how the natural world works

A controlled experiment is one in which

(d) There are at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment

What is true of any good scientific hypothesis

It is testable and it is falsifiable

What is the best description of a control for an experiment

The control group is matched with the experimental group except for one experimental variable

What is an example of inductive reasoning

Hundreds of individuals of a species have been observed and are all photosynthetic; therefore, the species is photosynthetic

In a high school laboratory, which of the following constitutes an experiment

(e) III only - seeking to identify the pigments present in a leaf

Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science

Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power

Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry

(e) If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids

carboxyl and amino

What is the chemical reaction mechanism by which cells make polymers from monomers

Dehydration reactions

Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified

As a disaccharide

Which of the following statements concerning saturated fats is not true

They have multiple double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids

Which type of interaction stabilizes the alpha helix and the beta pleated sheet structures of proteins

(d) hydrogen bonds

In a normal cellular protein, where would you expect to find a hydrophobic amino acid such as valine

In the interior of the folded protein, away from water, or in a transmembrane portion interacting with lipid fatty acid chains

Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides

a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar

Which of the following is NOT a base used in DNA replication

uracil

Which of the following is NOT a polymer of numerous monomer units

(d) lipids

Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones

catabolism

Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells

cytosol

Where does glycolysis occur in animal cells

cytosol

Which of the following sequences represents the correct order in which metabolic reactions occur during the complete oxidation of glucose through aerobic respiration

glucose - glycolysis - pyruvate oxidation - citric acid cycle - electron transport chain

Which of the following statements describes a primary function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentaiton

to oxidize NADH to NAD+

During intense exercise, as a human muscle cells switch from respiration to fermentation, the cells will increase their catabolism of which of the energy-containing molecules

(b) carbohydrates only

Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule

glycolysis

The figure shows the different pathways taken by the subunits of macronutrients during cellular respiration. Which macronutrient subunit is never converted into pyruvic acid entering the citric acid cycle

a fatty acid