Chapter 12 Our Future on Earth

Globalization

The social process that of expanding and intensifying connections across nation states

Cultural hybridization

The production of ideas, objects, practices, and bodies influenced by two or more cultures.

transnational organization

Organizations that operate in more than one country

Colonialism

A practice in which countries claim control over territories, the people in them, and their natural resources then exploit them for economic gain

Transitional Corporation

Ones that do business in multiple countries

Global commodity chains

a transnational economic process that involves extracting natural resources, transforming them into goods, and marketing and distributing them to consumers

Global cities

urban areas that act as key hubs in the world economy

Nation-State System

a world society consisting of only sovereign, self-contained territories

World system

a global market organized by a capitalist economy

Global slave trade

The practice of kidnapping human beings, transporting them around the world, and selling them for profit

Global power elite

a relatively small group of interconnected people who occupy top positions in globally important social institutions

Anthropogenic

Human-induced changes on the natural environment Climate change

Global imagined community

a socially constructed in-group based on a shared planet

Transnational social movement

one that coordinates activism across more than one country

repertoire of contention

shared activities widely recognized as expressions of dissatisfaction with social conditions

Risk society

a society organized around the self-conscious production, distribution, and management of risk

World Risk Society

One in which some nation states export risks and others absorb them