motion in one dimension

Flashcards to review concepts from the Motion in One Dimension lecture notes.

Scalar Quantities

Physical quantities expressed only by their magnitude.

Vector Quantities

Physical quantities that require both magnitude and direction to be fully expressed.

Examples of Scalar Quantities

Mass, length, time, distance, speed, energy, and power.

Examples of Vector Quantities

Displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, and momentum.

Magnitude of a Vector

The numerical value of a vector quantity along with its unit.

Rest

An object is at _ if it does not change its position with respect to its immediate surroundings.

Motion

An object is in _ if it changes its position with respect to its immediate surroundings.

One Dimensional Motion

Motion along a straight line path.

Distance

The total length of the path through which a body moves.

Displacement

The shortest distance from the initial to the final position of the body.

Scalar

Distance is a quantity.

Vector

Displacement is a quantity.

Displacement

The magnitude of is either equal to or less than the distance.

Positive

Distance is always .

Positive or Negative

Displacement can be or depending on its direction.

Zero

Displacement can be even if the distance is not zero.

Speed

The rate of change of distance with time.

Velocity

The distance traveled per second by the body in a specified direction.

Scalar

Speed is a quantity.

Vector

Velocity is a quantity.

Uniform

A body moving with speed covers equal distances in equal intervals of time.

Non-Uniform

A body moving with speed covers unequal distances in equal intervals of time.

Average Speed

The ratio of the total distance traveled by the body to the total time of journey.

Displacement

The ratio of of a body to the total time taken is called its average velocity.

Instantaneous Speed

The speed of a body at any instant.

Instantaneous Velocity

The velocity of the body at any instant is called its _.

Acceleration

The rate of change of velocity with time.

Retardation

The decrease in velocity with time.

Vector

Acceleration is a _ quantity.

Uniform Acceleration

When equal changes in velocity take place in equal intervals of time.

Acceleration Due to Gravity

The acceleration produced in the body due to earth's gravitational attraction.

9.8 m/s^2

The average value of g is _.

Displacement-Time Graph

A graph with time on the X-axis and displacement on the Y-axis.

Slope

The _ of the displacement-time graph gives the velocity.

Positive

A _ slope implies that the body is moving away from the starting point.

Negative

A _ slope implies that the body is returning towards the starting point.

Velocity-Time Graph

A graph with time on the X-axis and velocity on the Y-axis.

Displacement

The area enclosed between the velocity-time sketch and X-axis gives the _.

Above

The area enclosed _ the time axis represents the positive displacement.

Below

The area enclosed _ the time axis represents negative displacement.

Acceleration

The slope of the velocity-time sketch gives .

Straight Line

The velocity-time graph is a _ parallel to the time axis for motion with uniform velocity.

Acceleration - Time Graph

A graph with time on the X-axis and acceleration on the Y-axis.

Acceleration

For linear motion, __ x time = change in speed

Equation of Motion 1

v = u + at

Equation of Motion 2

S = ut + (1/2)at^2

Equation of Motion 3

v^2 = u^2 + 2aS

0

If a body starts from rest, initial velocity u =

9.8 m/s^2

A body falling freely under gravity moves with a uniform acceleration of

Syllabus

Scalar and vector quantities, distance, speed, velocity, acceleration; graphs of distance-time and speed-time are all parts of the .