Nutrition Exam 3

Nutrition and Development Exam 3: Edelman Ch 15-18, and Grodner Ch 10

the formula for determining the appropriate weight for a 5 month old child

birth weight x2

the formula for determining the appropriate weight for a 12 month old

birth weight x3

the formula for determining the appropriate weight for a 2.5 year old

birth weight x4

eriksons theory of human development: what age range correlates with the trust vs mistrust stage

0-1 year, infancy

eriksons theory of human development: what virtue is associated with the trust vs mistrust stage

hope

eriksons theory of human development: what stage correlates with the age range of 0-1 year

trust vs mistrust

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is described as “trust or mistrust that basic needs such as nourishment and affection will be met”

trust vs mistrust

eriksons theory of human development: what age range correlates with the autonomy vs shame/doubt stage

1-3 years, early childhood

eriksons theory of human development: what stage correlates with the age range 1-3 years

autonomy vs shame/doubt

eriksons theory of human development: what virtue is associated with the autonomy vs shame/doubt stage

will

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is described as “develop a sense of independence in many tasks”

autonomy vs shame/doubt

eriksons theory of human development: what age range correlates with the initiative vs guilt stage

3-6 years, play age

eriksons theory of human development: what stage correlates with the age range of 3-6 years

initiative vs guilt

eriksons theory of human development: what virtue is associated with the initiative vs guilt stage

purpose

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is described as “take initiative on some activities - may develop guilt when unsuccessful or boundaries overstepped”

initiative vs guilt

eriksons theory of human development: what age range correlates with the industry vs inferiority stage

7-11 years, school age

eriksons theory of human development: what stage correlates with the age range 7-11 years

industry vs inferiority

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is described as “develop self confidence in abilities when competent or sense of inferiority when not”

industry vs inferiority

eriksons theory of human development: what virtue is associated with the industry vs inferiority stage

competence

eriksons theory of human development: what age range correlates with the identity vs confusion stage

12-18 years, adolescence

eriksons theory of human development: what stage correlates with the age range of 12-18 years

identity vs confusion

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is described as “experiment with and develop identity and roles”

identity vs confusion

eriksons theory of human development: what virtue is associated with the identity vs confusion stage

fidelity

eriksons theory of human development: what age range is associated with the intimacy vs isolation stage

19-29 years, early adulthood

eriksons theory of human development: what stage correlates with the age range of 19-29 years

intimacy vs isolation

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is described as “establish intimacy and relationships with others”

intimacy vs isolation

eriksons theory of human development: what virtue is associated with the intimacy vs isolation stage

love

eriksons theory of human development: what age is associated with the generativity vs stagnation stage

30-64 years, middle age

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is associated with the age range of 30-64 years

generativity vs stagnation

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is described as “contribute to society and be part of a family

generativity vs stagnation

eriksons theory of human development: what virtue is associated with the generativity vs stagnation stage

care

eriksons theory of human development: what age range is associated with the integrity vs despair stage

65 onward, old age

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is associated with the age range of 65 onward

integrity vs despair

eriksons theory of human development: what stage is described as “assess and make sense of life and meaning of contributions”

integrity vs despair

eriksons theory of human development: what virtue is associated with the integrity vs despair stage

wisdom

an individual staying stuck in one stage and being unable to proceed to the later stages of human development is a consequence of what event?

failing to meet an eriksons stage

a theory that focuses on how children develop morality and moral reasoning is known as

kohlbergs theory of moral development

what is kohlbergs theory of moral development based on

piagets theory of cognitive development

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what age range is associated with the pre-conventional stage

school age

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what stage is associated with the school age range

pre-conventional

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what stage is associated with the goal of avoiding punishment and gaining reward

pre-conventional

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what age is associated with the conventional stage

school age and adolescent

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what stage is associated with both the school age and adolescent age range

conventional

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what stage is described as “gaining approval and avoiding disapproval”

conventional

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what stage is associated with both the adolescent and young adult age range

post-conventional

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what age range is associated with the conventional stage

school age and adolescent

kohlbergs theory of moral development: what stage is described as “agreeing upon rights, establishing personal moral standards, and achieving justice”

post-conventional

in what instance would a pregnant individual need a RhoGAM shot?

rh- mother and rh+ fetus

when would a pregnant individual who needs RhoGAM (rh- mother and rh+ fetus) be administered the injection?

at 28 weeks gestation and 72 hours after birth

caloric needs increase by +_____/day during pregnancy

300

caloric needs increase by +_____/day during breastfeeding

500

there is a known correlation between what common infection and what common pregnancy complication?

UTIs and preterm labor

what are common discomforts/bodily changes/problems experienced during pregnancy (as outlined in the study guide)

frequent urination, constipation, hemorrhoids

social support system, financial situation, depression, limited resources, postpartum and personal relationships are all examples of things that can potentially affect _____

mother-infant bonding

which medications are safe for pregnant people to take in recommended doses

OTC meds like tylenol (acetaminophen), benadryl and aspirin

which medications are NOT safe for pregnant people to take because they can cause congenital defects or spontaneous abortion

ibuprofen (NSAIDS), anti-epileptics, sub-salicylates (pepto), ephedrine (nasal decongestants)

“a protozoan that infects people through consumption of undercooked meat, handling of cat feces that are infected with the microbe, and exposure to contaminated soil in countries outside of the US. Can be passed to a fetus when pregnant individual becomes infected and cause a miscarriage, stillbirth, or damage to the fetus’s brain or other organs” - describes what

toxoplasmosis

rash, enlarged lymph nodes, enlarged liver, inflammation of the heart, pneumonia, jaundice, severe CNS damage after birth or years later - all symptoms of what

toxoplasmosis

what is the presentation of a baby who is born preterm (before 42 weeks)

underweight and underdeveloped

what happens during a pregnancy that lasts more than 42 weeks (full term)

placental function decreases

“an eating disorder characterized by ingesting nonfood substances such as dirt, clay, laundry soap, ashes, plaster, raw rice, paint chips, coffee grounds, and ice. negatively influences the quality of pregnant peoples nutrition” - describes what condition

pica

lead poisoning, prematurity, anemia within infant, parasitic infections, low birthweight - these are all possible complications/symptoms associated with what condition in a pregnant person

pica

people who experience domestic abuse/violence during their pregnancy are at a higher risk of having a _____

premature birth

pregnant people require _____ of folic acid or folate which is a B vitamin

400-800 mcg

adequate levels of folate (aka folic acid, which is a B vitamin) during pregnancy prevents _____ in the fetus

neural tube defects

what foods are good sources of folate (aka folic acid, which is a B vitamin) for pregnant people

fortified cereals, dark leafy green vegetables, some citrus fruits

infant developmental stages/tasks: lifts head when prone (on belly) is associated with what age

1 month

infant developmental stages/tasks: 1 month of age is associated with what milestone/event

lifts head when prone (on belly)

infant developmental stages/tasks: first real smile is associated with what age

2 months

infant developmental stages/tasks: 2 months of age is associated with what milestone/event

first real smile

infant developmental stages/tasks: rolls from back to front is associated with what age

5 months

infant developmental stages/tasks: 5 months of age is associated with what milestone/event

rolls from back to front

infant developmental stages/tasks: sits alone, leaning on hands is associated with what age

6-7 months

infant developmental stages/tasks: 6-7 months of age is associated with what milestone/event

sits alone, leaning on hands

infant developmental stages/tasks: crawling is associated with what age

7-9 months

infant developmental stages/tasks: 7-9 months of age is associated with what milestone/event

crawling

infant developmental stages/tasks: using a pincer grasp (index finger and thumb) to hold something or feed self is associated with what age

8-9 months

infant developmental stages/tasks: 8-9 months of age is associated with what milestone/event

using a pincer grasp

infant developmental stages/tasks: 10 months of age is associated with what milestone/event

pulls self to a standing position

infant developmental stages/tasks: pulls self to a standing position is associated with what age

10 months

infant developmental stages/tasks: initiated vocalization is associated with what age

11-12 months

infant developmental stages/tasks: 11-12 months of age is associated with what milestone/event

initiates vocalization

infant developmental stages/tasks: walking is associated with what age

12-15 months

infant developmental stages/tasks: 12-15 months of age is associated with what milestone/event

walking

what is an example of a toy that is considered appropriate for a 2 month old baby

colorful mobile with music

what is an example of a toy that is considered appropriate for a 3-4 months old baby

rattle

what is an example of play that is considered appropriate for a 9 month old baby

supervised time outside of playpen

a pregnant individual needs to increase her fluid intake by _____ during breastfeeding in addition to their recommended daily fluid intake

1 quart

difference between stool and diet for breastfed babies vs bottle fed babies: for a _____ baby, they typically experience fewer infections, but they may need vitamin D supplements. Stool is a softer consistency, clean smelling, more stools in comparison to a baby who is not fed this way

breastfed

difference between stool and diet for breastfed babies vs bottle fed babies: for a _____ baby, they digest this milk slower, there is no antibody protection so they are more prone to infections. stool is a harder consistency and smellier, similar to an infant on solid food.

bottle fed

a condition where an infant younger than 1 year old dies suddenly and unexplainably

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of death among infants in the age range of _____

1 month to 1 year

prone/side sleeping, cigarette smoke exposure, soft bedding, co-sleeping, not breastfeeding, overheating, and preterm/low birth weight are all risk factors for what condition in infants

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

tummy time is good for infants, however it should always be _____

supervised

obvious signs of abuse such as bruises in abnormal areas warrant what action by a healthcare professional

report to CPS

dangerous temperatures can occur in _____ (length of time) (think: baby left in a car)

15-30 minutes

car seats should be placed in the car in what manner

rear-facing and placed in the back middle seat

ABC’s of safe infant sleeping =

Alone on their Back in a Crib

babies should never sleep on their _____, and they should always sleep alone without any _____ in their crib

belly or side, small items

_____ with an infant is never recommended because of the risk of suffocation

co-sleeping