Chapter 12

What year was the Statue of Liberty dedicated to the U.S.?

1886, New York

What soft drink was invented in 1886?

Coca-Cola

Who wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in the 1880s?

Mark Twain

What famous book was published by Frank Baum in 1900?

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

What sport was invented by Professor James Naismith in 1891?

Basketball

What year did the Titanic sink?

1912

What year did WWI start?

1914

What three countries were part of the Allied powers including the U.S.?

Great Britain, France, and Russia

What two countries were part of the Central Powers?

Germany and Austria

What year did WWI end?

1918

What did the 18th Amendment authorize in 1919?

Prohibition era

What did the 19th Amendment allow in 1920?

The right to vote for women

What political group came back into power in 1877?

Democrats

Name two things the Democrats were committed to doing.

White supremacy and segregation of whites and blacks

Where did the Bourbon Democrats get their name from?

Bourbon kings of France

What did the Bourbon Democrats suggest?

Some people hadn’t accepted the changes brought by the Civil War

How long was the La Lottery Company charter gained in 1868?

25 years

What did historians believe about the La lottery system?

It was a bad deal for La citizens

Define patronage.

Power of public officials to give jobs or provide other help to people as a reward for their support

Who was La’s state treasurer in 1878?

E. A. Burke

What was found after Burke left office in 1888?

He engaged in widespread theft from the state

Why was New Orleans picked to host the Cotton Exposition after the Civil War?

Almost 1/3 of the cotton produced in the U.S. crossed through its port

What did most of the fairground land become after the Cotton Exposition?

Audubon Park

What was the convict lease system?

The process in which the state would lease prisoners to private businesses to save money

Who was in control of the convict lease system in 1870?

S. L. James

What was James’ organization commonly called?

The James Gang

What year did La gain back full control of its prisoners?

1901

Define the Jim Crow laws.

Laws that restricted the freedom of African Americans and required separate-but-equal public facilities for whites and blacks

Who were the Jim Crow laws named after?

A famous comedian named Jim Crow

What did La’s 1868 constitution prohibit, even though it did not happen?

Racial segregation

What did the Separate Car Act of 1890 require?

Separate railroad cars for whites and blacks

What was the name of the famous court case that challenged the Separate Car Act?

Plessy v. Ferguson

What year did the Plessy v. Ferguson court case happen?

1896

Explain the Plessy v. Ferguson court case.

Homer Plessy sued the railroad company for not providing separate-but-equal cars; the judge ruled in favor of the company.

List four places that were separate for whites and blacks after Jim Crow laws were passed.

Entrances, bathrooms, seating, and schools

What other ethnic group was given second-class status in La?

Italians

What did the Italians bring with them that were known as a secretive criminal group?

Mafia

Define lynching.

Putting to death by mob action without legal sanction

Name three things that the 1868 La constitution required from La voters.

Property owner, pay a yearly poll tax, and must know how to read and write

Define grandfather clause.

A law that gave a person the right to vote if he could prove his father/grandfather had been a voter before 1867

How did the grandfather clause affect black voters in La?

They couldn’t vote until 1869

In 1900, how many whites and blacks were registered to vote in La?

125,000 whites and 5,300 blacks

Who was elected to a second term as governor in 1888?

Francis T. Nicholls

What La governor ended the lottery in 1893?

Murphy Foster

Who was Murphy Foster’s grandson and governor of La from 1996-2004?

Mike Foster

Define sharecropping.

When a person rented a portion of his land to a farmer, who farmed the land and gave a percent of the sale to the landowner.

What is another term for harvest time relating to sugar cane?

Grinding season

Who helped develop the rice industry in La?

Seaman A. Knapp

What city is called the rice capital of America?

Crowley

What two groups formed the Fusion Movement?

Wealthy sugar planters and poor farmers

What was the Fusion Movement’s populism belief?

The rights, wisdom, or virtues of the common people

What was the largest city in La at the turn of the 20th century?

New Orleans

Name three issues that rural areas dealt with in La.

Lack of passable roads, poor drainage, and primitive water supplies

What did Progressive Movement members believe?

The government should address poverty, illiteracy, and improve working conditions.

What percent of the states must ratify an amendment to be part of the U.S. Constitution?

75%.

Which La governor created a juvenile justice center?

Blanchard

Which La governor was the first to tax companies for removing natural resources from the state?

Sanders

What became La’s official state tree in 1963?

Cypress

What became a big business in La after the Civil War?

Timber

What city first discovered oil in La in 1901?

Jennings

Which big oil company came to La to build refineries and pipelines?

Standard Oil

Oil wells also produced what other natural resource?

Natural gas

What two companies started a mail order catalog during this time?

Montgomery Ward and Sears

What helped shoppers during this time, especially in the evenings?

Electric lights

What did La require of drivers in the state in 1915?

Licenses

Who produced a car from the assembly line in 1908?

Ford

What was the name of the first car from Ford?

Model T

How many miles of railroad did La have in the early 20th century?

5,000

What replaced horse-drawn streetcars in New Orleans in 1898?

Electric powered streetcars

What is the oldest running streetcar in the U.S.?

St. Charles

On what date did the U.S. officially join the Allied powers?

4/6/1917

About how many men did La send to fight in WWI?

71,000

What is the official date WWI ended?

11/11/1918

How many American soldiers died in WWI?

116,000

How many soldiers who died in WWI were from La?

1,447

What new form of music started in La?

Jazz

Name a famous jazz musician from New Orleans.

Louis Armstrong

What place in New Orleans is named after Louis Armstrong?

Louis Armstrong National Airport