1.5 Ratification of the U.S. Constitution

The Virgina Plan

A 3 branch system with a national executive, a judiciary, and a bicameral legislative.

The New Jersey Plan

States sovereign, national government limited and defined powers, no national court system, 1 vote per state in legislative body.

Represenation

population or equal based representation

slavery

do slaves count towards representation

Office of Representatives

chosen by popular vote or by the elite.

Federalism

fair division of power among levels of government

The Great Compromise

created two-house Congress composed of a House of Representatives (population max 435) and a Senate (equal).

3/5 Compromise

counted only 3 of every 5 enslaved persons to determine representation.

Importation of Slaves

Congress could not stop the importation for slaves for 20 years after ratification.

Electoral College

Each state has the same number of electors as they have representatives.

Commerce Compromise

Federal government imposes tariffs on imports not exports and regulates interstate commerce.

Article V

2/3 of both houses must agree to propose amendments and must be ratified by the legislature of ¾ of several states.

Constitutional System

created a representative republic that limits the government and slows popular ideas.

Bill of Rights

Secured liberties fought for in the revolutionary war.requested by anti-federalists

Amendment 1

Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.

Amendment 2

right to bear arms

Amendment 3

no quartering of troups

Amendment 4

no unreasonable searches or seizures

Amendment 5

protection against self-incrimination and due process

Amendment 6

speedy and public trial by a jury of peers, cross examination, witness, right to defense, and to be informed of crime accused.

Amendment 7

lawsuits and juries

Amendment 8

No cruel or unusual punishments, no excess fines and bail

Amendment 9

listing rights in the constitution does not deny others

Amendment 10

delegated and reserved powers