Ap Human Unit 6 FRQ

1. A. What is a maquiladora

A foreign owned plan in Mexico that offers cheap labor, and export assembled products to the U.S. They are example of export processing zone (EPZ)

1. B. Explain the spatial distribution of maquiladoras within Mexico?

Its close to major U.S cities along the U.S/Mexico border because it cuts down on transportation costs to move the assembled products into the U.S. Also the Mexican government originally insisted they'd be within 35 miles of the U.S border. That is no longer a requirement, More are opening up far south because the land and labor is even cheaper there.

1. C. What are 4 factors why Mexico has emerged as an important location in the current global system of industrial organization?

1. Mexico offers cheaper labor then you can find in the U.S or Canada

2. The Mexican government offers tax incentives and special deals on land to attract the transnational corporations or their outsourcing

3. It's close proximity to the U.S and the passing of NAFTA which eliminates the tariffs and duties between the U.S and Mexico

4. Mexico has a stable government and economy so it's less likely a civil war or government seizure of private property would occur. Which would interrupt the supply of goods to the U.S

2. A. What are 2 reasons why businesses would choose to locate their call centers in small southern towns?

1. Because southern states have right-to-work laws which prevent unions and keep wages down. 2. Because there's a large labor pool in the south because a lot of factory workers were laid off in the rust belt due to de-inutrialization and they moved to the south or sun belt.

2. B. What are 3 disadvantages in the use of call centers as a local economic development strategy?

1. Call centers use low skilled workers and provide them with low wages. So there's less money to stimulate the local economy.

2. They are highly automated so they don't hire a lot of people. So it doesn't help with unemployment.

3. They often hire part-time workers so they won't have to provide them with benefits. It doesn't help a great ton with the community.

3. A. Define and discuss the key features of the new international division of labor.

1. One key feature is the outsourcing of offshore of jobs by MDC transnational corporations to NICs to take advantage of their cheaper labor and reduce costs. So that they can increase their products.

2. Another feature, is trade agreements like NAFTA that reduce trade barriers.

3. Last reason is space compression due to advantages in communications and transportation. Allows us to separate production or servicing and consumption.

3. B. Explain an impact of the new international division of labor on the socioeconomic structure of the U.S

Because consumer products cost less due to outsourcing the american standard of living has risen, however it led to an increase in unemployment in the U.S secondary sector. So, factory workers that were unionized and firmly in the middle class now have to retool and work in lower paying tusherary jobs

3. C. Explain an impact of the new international division of labor on the on the socioeconomic structure of developing countries such as Mexico, China, and India.

Mexico, India, and China have benefitted by receiving the outsourced jobs, which has boosted their economy, increased their GDP, and made a more middle class

4. A. Using an example of a specific industry, explain under what conditions an industry would locate near the market.

Car manufacturing, bottle manufacturing, furniture manufacturing, these are bulk-gaining industries where the final product weighs more than any of the input so the factory should be close to your consumer market to reduce transportation costs.

4. B. Using an example of a specific industry, explain under what conditions an industry would locate near raw materials.

Gems, copper wiring, planks or lumber, pack of cigarettes, juice bottling, potato chips, these items are bulk-reducing because the final product weighs less than the inputs so your factory should be located near the raw materials to reduce transportation

4. C. Explain the geography of ethanol plants in the U.S

Ethanol plants are found in the corn belt, because ethanol is made from corn and it weighs less than the amount of raw corn that is used to make it. So to cut down transportation costs, the plants are near the corn

5. A. Explain the three factors that contributed to the rise of such industrial regions. (Investment capital, Labor, and government)

1. Investment capital- banks, individual investors, entrepreneurs, investment earn a profit in businesses like software, data storage, computer hardware, or in research triangle farisuticles and biotech

2.Labor- highly skilled educated workers, engineers, scientists, develop new technologies and create new products and they start companies

3. Government- funding research and development either to the companies or the universities, that are doing the research and development and helping to educate the skilled workers

5. B. What is agglomeration and explain its role in the continuing expansion such regions?

is a clustering of similar or related firms within a particular area. Lots of basic industries, create a lot of non basic industries which add jobs and taxable revenue, which will lead to the multiplier effect and bring in even more basic and non basic jobs