American Government: Topic 3, The Constitution & the Federal System

2 ways of approving amendments

-3/4 vote state legislatures

-3/4 vote state ratifying conventions

2 ways of proposing amendments

-2/3 vote congress

-national convention called by 2/3 of states

3 types of national government powers

-expressed

-implied

-inherent

6 goals of preamble

-form a more perfect union

-establish justice

-ensure domestic tranquility

-provide for common defense

-promote general welfare

-secure blessings of liberty

6 principles of the constitution

-popular sovereignty

-limited government

-separation of powers

-checks and balances

-judicial review

-federalism

Amendment 1

basic freedoms:

-religion

-speech

-assembly

-press

-petition

Amendment 2

bear arms

Amendment 3

no quartering

Amendment 4

no illegal search + seizure

Amendment 5

-no self-incrimination

-double jeopardy

-due process

Amendment 6

right to fair trial

Amendment 7

civil suits over $20 get jury

Amendment 8

no cruel or unusual punishment

Amendment 9

rights to citizens

Amendment 10

powers to states

Amendment 11

suits against states

Amendment 12

president and vice president on separate ballots

Amendment 13

no more slavery

Amendment 14

rights of citizenship for former slaves

Amendment 15

former slaves right to vote

Amendment 16

income tax

Amendment 17

direct election of senators

Amendment 18

prohibition

Amendment 19

right of women to vote

Amendment 20

lame duck amendment

Amendment 21

repeal prohibition

Amendment 22

two term limit for president

Amendment 23

residents of D.C. can vote for president

Amendment 24

poll tax

Amendment 25

presidential succession

Amendment 26

18 year-olds vote

Amendment 27

congressional salaries

Article I

legislative branch

Article II

executive branch

Article III

judicial branch

Article IV

relations among states

Article V

amending process

Article VI

supremacy clause

Article VII

ratification process

judicial review

courts determine if laws violate constitution

"due process" amendments

5th and 14th

separation of powers

each branch of government has its own responsibilities

examples of concurrent powers

-tax

-set up courts

examples of denied powers

-no bill of attainder

-no ex post facto

-no suspend writ of habeas corpus

examples of expressed powers

-raise army

-regulate commerce

examples of implied powers

-create a bank

-draft men

examples of reserved powers

-organize schools

-marriage licenses

federalism

national & state gov't exist & coexist

checks & balances

no branch can be more powerful than the others

writ of habeas corpus

person is given reason for arrest

lame duck

political officer on his/her way out of office

concurrent powers

powers belonging to both national and state government

delegated powers

powers belonging to national government

reserved powers

powers belonging to state government

expressed powers

powers clearly found in the constitution

implied powers

powers interpreted from the constitution

popular sovereignty

rule of the people

presidential amendments

12, 20, 22, 25

limited gov't

specifically listing what powers government has or doesn't have

double jeopardy

tried for same crime twice

bill of attainder

specifically punishes a group unfairly

suffrage (voting) amendments

15, 17, 19, 23, 24, 26

denied powers

powers neither national nor state government has