Upper Limb: Shoulder - Bones

Vocabulary flashcards based on the lecture notes about the upper limb and shoulder.

Clavicle

The only bony attachment between the trunk and the upper limb.

Clavicle Function

Acts as a strut to hold the scapula in position.

Clavicle

The most commonly fractured bone in the body.

Clavicle (Medial/Sternal End)

The medial end of the clavicle articulates with the sternum (manubrium) and the first rib (first costal cartilage).

Clavicle (Lateral/Acromial End)

The small oval facet articulates with the scapula (acromion).

Conoid tubercle

Landmark on the clavicle.

Trapezoid line

Landmark on the clavicle.

Scapula

Paired bone located on the upper back of the rib cage.

Scapula Function

Connects the clavicle and humerus, also the posterior portion of the shoulder girdle.

Scapula Angles

Superior, inferior, and lateral (glenoid cavity).

Scapula Borders

Superior, lateral, and medial.

Scapula Processes

Spine, acromion, and coracoid process.

Scapula Fossae

Supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, and subscapular fossa.

Scapula Surfaces

Posterior and costal.

Scapula Tubercles

Supraglenoid tubercle and infraglenoid tubercle.

Elevation

Movement of the scapula: Shrugging the shoulders

Retraction (ADduction)

Movement of the scapula: Squeezing the shoulder blades together

Upward Rotation (Lateral Rotation)

Movement of the scapula: Glenoid fossa moves up

Depression

Movement of the scapula: Dropping the shoulders

Protraction (ABduction)

Movement of the scapula: Moving the shoulder blades apart

Downward Rotation (Medial Rotation)

Movement of the scapula: Glenoid fossa moves down

Proximal Humerus

Extends from the shoulder to the elbow.

Proximal Humerus

Common site for fractures in the upper arm.

Proximal Humerus Functions

The proximal head articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

Greater Tubercle

Lateral prominence on the proximal humerus.

Lesser Tubercle

Anterior prominence on the proximal humerus.

Intertubercular Sulcus (Bicipital Groove)

Groove between the greater and lesser tubercles.

Surgical Neck

Indicates a previous break on the humerus.

Crest of greater tubercle

Lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus .

Crest of lesser tubercle

Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus .