Chemistry - Periodic Table Trends

Ductility

The quality of being pliable and flexible

Electrical Conductivity

the ability of a material to conduct an electrical current

Malleability

The quality of something that can be shaped into something else without breaking

Brittle

a tendency to easily break, crack, or snap

Luster

how an element’s surface reflects light

Atomic Radius

Total distance from an atom’s nucleus to the outermost orbital of electrons

Electronegativity

the tendency for an atom of an element to attract shared electrons (gaining negative charge) when forming a chemical bond. It is affected by atomic radiums and number

Reactivity

How readily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction

Cation

positively charged ion (lost electrons)

Anion

negatively charged ion (gained electrons)

Ductile

Metals

Non-Metals

Not Ductile; Brittle

Electrical Conductors

Metals

Resistors

Non-metals

Metals

Malleable

Non-metals

brittle

Metals

Lustrous

Non-metals

Dull

Atom Radius Trends

Across a period, atomic radius decreases. Down a group, atomic radius increases

Electronegativity Trend

Across a period, electronegativity increases. Down a group, electronegativity decreases. The most electronegative element is Fluorine.

Atomic Radius Down group 1

increases

Electronegativity down group 1

decreases

Reactivity down group 1

increases

Melting + Boiling point down group 1

decreases

Atomic radius down group 17

increases

Group 17

Halogens

Group 1

Alkali Metals

Electronegativity down group 17

decreases

Reactivity down group 17

decreases

melting + boiling point down group 17

increases

atomic radius across period 3

decrease

electronegativity across period 3

increase

reactivity across period 3

Reactivity decreases until end of metals, then increases once they become non metals

melting point across period 3

increases, has nax at Si, then decreases

boiling point across period 3

increases, max at Al, decreases