Hon Chem - Reaction Rates

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10 Terms

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Reaction Rate

Change in concentration of a R or P per unit of time (mol/(L*s)

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Collision Theory

  1. Particles must collide

  2. Particles must collide with correct orientation

  3. Particles must collide with enough energy to form activated complex

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Activated Complex / Transition State

Intermediate particles made up of joined reactants

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Activation Energy

Minimum amount of energy that colliding particles need to form activated complex

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Nature of Reactants

The more reactive a substance is, the faster the reaction rate

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Concentration

  1. Reaction speeds up when the concentration of particles is increased

  2. When the concentration (of B) is increased, more molecules are available to collide (with A) — A can ‘find’ B more easily because there are more Bs

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Surface Area

Larger surface area provides more opportunity for more collisions — increasing the reaction rate

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Temperature

  1. As the temperature is increased, the reaction rate does too

    1. Raises the kinetic energy of reacting particles, raising the collision frequency and energy

  2. More collisions have enough energy to overcome the activation energy barrier & actually react

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Cataylsts

Enxyme that increases rate of chemical reaction without being consumed with reaction

  1. Doesn’t yield more product & isn’t included in the products of reaction or chemical equation

  2. Makes graph height smaller, using less energy

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Inhibitor

A substance that slows down, inhibits, the reaction rates. Sometimes prevents it as a whole