Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 08: Joints

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the classification, structure, and function of joints in human anatomy and physiology as discussed in Chapter 8.

What are joints also known as?

Articulations, which are sites where two or more bones meet.

What are the two classifications of joints?

Structural and functional classifications.

Name the three types of structural classifications of joints.

Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial.

What is the main function of joints in the skeleton?

To give mobility and hold the skeleton together.

What type of joint is described as immovable?

Synarthroses.

What type of fibrous joint allows for growth during youth and later fuses?

Sutures.

What differentiates syndesmoses from sutures?

Syndesmoses are bones connected by ligaments, which can vary in length, whereas sutures are rigid interlocking joints.

What type of joint is a gomphosis?

A peg-in-socket joint, such as the connection of teeth in their sockets.

What do cartilaginous joints unite bones with?

Cartilage.

What is the type of cartilaginous joint that is generally immovable?

Synchondroses.

What is an example of a symphyses joint?

Intervertebral joints or the pubic symphysis.

What characteristic defines synovial joints?

They have a fluid-filled joint cavity and are freely movable.

What are the six general features of synovial joints?

Articular cartilage, joint cavity, articular capsule, synovial fluid, ligaments, nerves and blood vessels.

What role does synovial fluid play in a synovial joint?

It lubricates and nourishes articular cartilage.

How can the stability of synovial joints be influenced?

By the shape of the articular surfaces, the number and location of ligaments, and muscle tone.

What is the movement that decreases the angle between two bones called?

Flexion.

What is the opposite movement of flexion?

Extension.

What are the two special movements that involve the forearm?

Supination and pronation.

What movement occurs when the sole of the foot faces medially?

Inversion.

Which type of synovial joint allows for rotational movement?

Ball-and-socket joint.