CSAD 330 Evidence Based Decision Making

for exam 1

PICO

stands for patient, intervention 1, comparison intervention, and outcome

basic research

serves to further basic understanding of a concept

applied research

attempts to solve specific, real-world problems

questions to ask when evaluating articles

what question were they trying to answer? who or what was in the study? what was the treatment like? did it work?

6 steps for EBP decision making

1. make the PICO question

2. find the internal evidence - both client’s and clinician’s

3. find the external research evidence

4. critically appraise the external evidence

5. integrate the external and internal evidence

6. evaluate the decision with documentation

1a level of evidence

systematic review of RCTs with consistent outcomes

1b level of evidence

well-conducted RCT with a narrow confidence interval

2a level of evidence

systematic review of nonrandomized quasi-experimental trials or a systematic review of single-subject experiments that document consistent study outcomes

2b level of evidence

a high-quality quasi-experimental trial or a lower quality RCT or a single-subject experiment with consistent outcomes across replications

3 level of evidence

a case series or a poor-quality quasi-experimental study

4 level of evidence

an expert opinion that originated without ongoing critical appraisal or based on theoretical knowledge or basic research