WHAP Chapter 40 Lecture Notes

what Asian Tiger nations emerged?

-Taiwan

-South Korea

-Hong Kong (China)

-Singapore

what is OPEC and why is it important?

-the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

-an oil embargo was famously imposed on the US in 1973 by Arabs

-it has global impact

what do multinational corporations do?

they technically "form" a single country but maintain factories and distribution networks all over the world

what are some examples of multinational corporations?

-Apple

-Nike

-Honda

-McDonalds

-Coca-Cola

-British Petroleum (FL Gulf Coast)

-Toyota

-General Motors

-Shell Oil

-Sony

what is a challenge to globalization?

nationalism

what were some examples of the Environment/Green Movement in action?

-the Kyoto Protocol

-nuclear energy

what did the Kyoto Protocol do?

it attempted to deal with climate change *US fails to ratify

what nuclear accidents have infamously occurred?

-3-Mile Island

-Chernobyl in Ukraine

-Fukushima, Japan nuclear accident following tsunami

what global migrations are taking place?

-"guest workers" from southern Europe, north Africa, and Turkey to western Europe

-Latinos to the US

what are nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)?

organizations that represent interest of various groups and pressure governments to implement policies

what are some examples of NGOs?

-Greenpeace

-Amnesty International

-Human Right Watch

-National Organization for Women (NOW)

-Red Cross (crescent in Muslim countries)

what does the north-south split demonstrate?

that the most advanced societies are located north of the equator

what were some characteristics of the Green Revolution?

a. mid-20th century

b. development of powerful fertilizer sand pesticides combined with new high-yield, disease-resistant crops

c. goal: famine-free world.

d. food production sky-rocketed.

e. new hybrid rice seemed to end cycle of famine in India.

f. weather patterns and civil wars caused lower crop yield in Africa.

g. criticism: overuse of pesticides-development of monoculture-population growth-

how did the population grow from 1900-2000?

it has grown from 1.6 billion in 1900 to 6 billion in 2000

how have gender roles changed?

*Women inherit, sue in court, marry freely, and divorce.

a. Vote in W. nations between 1917-1920

b. Marxist call for gender equality in theory and Fascist support traditional roles for women

c. Women go to work during WWII

d. Feminism and women liberation in 1960s and 1970s.

e. Women still relegated to traditional roles in Asia, Middle East, and Latin America.

f. One child policies (China) and mandatory sterilization (India & China) threaten women's freedom and female infant lives.

g. Some women play strong political roles in Communist China and Cuba.

h. Women's suffrage in Africa but not in fundamentalist Middle Eastern countries (Saudi Arabia)*Can't drive

i. Sex slave trade: global abuse of women

what is multiculturalism?

the interaction of the world's various ethnic, artistic, and intellectual traditions

what is the Americanization of the world and its effects?

-referred to as the McDonaldization or Coca-Colonization

-the dominance of American products

-creation of a Global Village

what are some examples of global terrorism?

a. anti-colonial movements (guerilla warfare)

b. Protestants and Catholics in Ireland

c. PLO terrorism v. Israeli Jews

d. al-Qaeda terrorism

what are some examples of global medical discoveries?

-the Polio Vaccine

-elimination of Smallpox

-heart transplants,

-impact of the discovery of DNA

**26 nations with the lowest life expectancy were in Africa. (Aids and Malaria)

what are some examples of nationalist (tribal) movements?

a. Serbs in Yugoslavia: involved in ethnic cleansing of Bosnian Muslims and Albanian Muslims in Kosovo.

b. Russians in Chechnya *Chechnya wants independence.

c. Rwanda: Hutus v. Tutsis

d. North Korea: Maintaining an aggressive isolation.

e. Czech Republic breaks Slovakia in the 1990s.

what does the World Trade Organization (WTO) do what did it emerge from?

-it brings operation of global economy under single set of laws & practices.

-the WTO emerged from GATT*General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.

what does the European Union (EU) attempt to do and how many member nations does it have?

-it attempts to bring unity to Europe by removing barriers to the movement of people, goods, money and services

-there are currently 27 members

note the difficulty of unifying Europe in history.

*Romans, Charlemagne, Holy Roman Empire, Napoleonic Empire, 3rd Reich, and European Union

what did the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) do?

it removed trade barriers in the USA, Canada, and Mexico

what does the G7 organization represent and what does it become?

-it represents the interest of the world's 7 largest economies.

-becomes G20

what is the United Nations (UN)?

an organization to promote peace and global health. (World Health Organization)

what sports have become global?

-soccer

-basketball kinda

-the Olympics

what were the Helsinki Accords of 1975?

35 countries committed to human rights, self-determination, and territorial integrity