Fossil Fuels and Their Impact

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to fossil fuels, their formation, environmental impact, and the energy sector.

Fossil Fuel

A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.

Coal Formation

Coal is formed from dead plants over millions of years through heat and pressure in swampy areas.

Environmental Impact of Coal

Coal burning leads to pollution, including nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2), contributing to acid rain and health issues.

Oil

A thick, flammable mixture of hydrocarbons that occurs naturally beneath the earth's surface and is used as fuel.

Natural Gas

A fossil fuel that is colorless and odorless, used in homes and industry, with a significant contribution to global energy.

Acid Rain

Precipitation that is more acidic than normal due to pollutants like sulfuric and nitric acids, which harm ecosystems.

Drilling Rig

A structure used for boring holes to extract oil and gas from underground reservoirs.

Renewable Energy

Energy sources that are replenished naturally, such as solar, wind, or hydroelectric energy.

Carbon Emissions

Greenhouse gases produced by burning fossil fuels, contributing to climate change.

Energy Efficiency

Using less energy to provide the same service or achieve the same level of activity.