Chapter 1 Review: Heart Structure, Blood Flow, and Immune System

Vocabulary flashcards covering the anatomy of the heart, blood flow pathway, blood count diagnoses, and immune system cell roles based on Chapter 1 review notes.

Principle Heart Structures

Left ventricle, right ventricle, left atrium, and right atrium.

Heart Blood Vessels

Aorta, pulmonary veins, pulmonary arteries, and vena cava (superior and inferior).

Heart Structure Diagram

Labeled diagram showing heart chambers, valves (tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral), and major blood vessels.

Blood Flow Steps

1. Superior vena cava -> 2. right atrium -> 3. right ventricle through valve -> 4. deoxynegated blood enters pulmonary artery -> 5. exits pulmonary arteries into lungs -> 6. Oxygenated blood enters through pulmonary veins -> 7. enters left atrium -> 8. left ventricle -> 9. exits heart & restarts cycle.

Systole

Contraction of the heart.

Dystole

Relaxation of the heart.

Atigen

Good cells.

Pathogen

Bad cells.

Low Red Blood Cell Count

Leads to lack of oxygen and difficulty breathing.

High White Blood Cell Count

Indicates the body is battling infection.

Low T Cell Count

Causes trouble fighting infection and potential rare disease.

Low Platlet Count

Associated with blood clots and hemophilia.

Pathogen Entry Routes

Abrasion, ingestion of contaminated food or water, or contact with an infected person.

Body's Defense Mechanisms

1. Physical barriers, 2. Chemical barriers.

Antibody Production Immune Response

Macrophages + Helper T + B cells = Antibodies.

Infected Cell Destruction Response

Helper T + Killer T = destroy infected cells.

Supressor T

Shuts response down.

Memory Cells

Remembers pathogen.