Chapter 15 Axial Muscles Patton: Anatomy & Physiology, 11th edition

Flashcards covering the classification, attachment points, functional roles, and major groups of the axial muscles based on Patton's Anatomy & Physiology, 11th edition.

Skeletal muscles in the human body

More than $600$

Percentage of body weight

Skeletal muscles make up $40\%$ to $50\%$ of body weight.

Origin

The point of muscle attachment that is more stationary when the muscle contracts.

Insertion

The point of muscle attachment that moves when the muscle contracts.

Prime mover (agonist)

A muscle that is primarily responsible for producing a specific movement, such as the brachialis acting as a flexor.

Antagonist

A muscle that relaxes while the prime mover is contracting, such as the triceps brachii relaxing during flexion.

Synergist

A muscle that contracts at the same time as the prime mover to complement or assist its action.

Fixator

A muscle that serves as a joint stabilizer during movement, such as the deltoid.

Superficial fascia

Adipose tissue located beneath the skin.

Deep fascia

Connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle organs and fascicles.

Muscles of mastication

Muscle group including the Temporalis, Masseter, Lateral pterygoid, and Medial pterygoid.

Muscles of facial expression

Muscle group including the Orbicularis oris and Buccinator.

Muscles of the thorax

Muscle group including the External intercostals, Internal intercostals, and the Diaphragm.

Linea alba

A midline structure of the abdominal wall mentioned in the survey of trunk muscles.

Abdominal wall muscles

The group consisting of the Rectus abdominis, External oblique, Internal oblique, and Transversus abdominis.

Erector spinae

A major muscle group of the back involved in posture and movement.

Ligamentum nuchae

A ligament in the neck area associated with muscles like the Semispinalis capitis and Splenius capitis.

Central tendon of diaphragm

The central point of attachment for the muscular fibers of the Diaphragm.