contraception

behavioral methods

abstinence, coitus interruptus, fertility awareness/tracking, LAM

barrier methods

~75-90% effective

male/female condoms, spermicides, vaginal diaphragm, cervical cap, contraceptive sponge

hormonal methods

90% effective

prevents ovulation, thins endometrium, thickens cervical mucus

estrogen-progestin COCs, transdermal patch, and vaginal ring; progestin OCs, IM IJs, implant, LARKs/IUDs; emergency contraception

permanent methods

vasectomy, BTL

abstinence

behavioral; 100% effective

fertility awareness 

AKA natural family planning

~80% effective 

LAM

exclusive BF 4-6m pp; no ovulation and menstruation (for 6m) dt progesterone surge when BF

condoms

spermicides 

N-9

decreases sperm motility and serves as a physical barrier to an extent

vaginal diaphragm, cervical cap, contraceptive sponge

physical barrier to sperm

has risk of TSS

remove ~6h+ after sex

estrogen-progestin options

COCs, transdermal patch, and vaginal ring

estrogen-progestin options contraindications

COCs

emergency contraception

prevents ovulation by inhibiting follicular development

vasectomy

bilateral tubal ligation

progestin only options 

used if estrogen-progestin is contraindicated 

includes LARCs/IUDs (99% effective)

LARC/IUD edu

LARC/IUD benefits